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| South America/Turismo |
| Argentina | Chile | Falkland Island | Peru |
| Venezuela | Bolivia | Colombia | French Guyana |
| Suriname | Brasile | Ecuador | Paraguay |
| Uruguay |
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| Rio de Janeiro | Salvador De Bahia | Belem | Fortaleza |
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GNU Free Documentation License Esso utilizza materiale tratto da http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambodromo_di_Rio_de_Janeiro Cronologia/Autori: http://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sambodromo_di_Rio_de_Janeiro&action=history Sambodromo di Rio de JaneiroDa Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.Il sambodromo di Rio de Janeiro è una struttura architettonica fissa atta od ospitare manifestazioni in forma di parata. Si sviluppa in senso longitudinale per circa 700 metri lungo un viale chiamato Avenida Marquês de Sapucaí costeggiato per tutta la sua lunghezza da strutture che ospitano gli spettatori.
La sede [modifica]Ai lati del viale si ergono degli spalti a gradinate "Arquibancadas" divisi in dieci settori non comunicanti tra loro e sviluppati in verticale su più livelli. Gli spettatori assistono alla sfilata dalla zona superiore dei settori o dal parterre, mentre i livelli intermedi sono occupati dalle cabine della giuria e dalle Camarotes, dei veri e propri piccoli alloggi da cui è possibile assistere alla sfilata con maggiore comfort. La capienza totale della struttura è di circa 85.000 mila spettatori. Teatro di vari eventi e manifestazioni nel corso dell'anno, è senz'altro più noto per essere il luogo in cui si svolgono le sfilate delle Scuole di Samba di Rio de Janeiro durante il carnevale. Il Sambodromo infatti fu costruito nel 1984 su progetto dell'architetto Oscar Niemeyer espressamente per ovviare alle problematiche che incontrava la città ogni anno in occasione del carnevale. Prima della costruzione del Sambodromo, le sfilate si tenevano in strutture erette per l'occasione e successivamente smontate, operazione che richiedeva mesi di lavoro e notevoli problemi di traffico stradale.
Panoramica del Sambodromo di Rio de Janeiro.
Tribuna, Settore 9
Bibliografia [modifica]Gildo De Stefano, Il popolo del samba: La vicenda e i protagonisti della storia della musica popolare brasiliana. , Prefazione di Chico Buarque de Hollanda, Introduzione di Gianni Minà, RAI-ERI, 2005, ISBN 8839713484
Voci correlate [modifica] |
| Thanks to
http://www.world66.com/ *********************The content is published under a creative commons licence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 / ). |
| Rio de Janeiro Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Carnival07 Carnival07 Kalepook Rio de Janeiro is one of the most spectacular cities on the planet. Even the well-traveled individuals will love what the city has to offer. One of the best ways to appreciate the setting is by going up Sugar Loaf Mountain (Pao de Acucar), where you'll get a fantastic 360 degree view of Rio and Guanabara Bay. Across the Bay, you will see the Rio-Niteroi bridge (13,9 km long). Cariocas (Rio natives) disagree on which point gives the most wonderful view: Pao de Acucar (Sugar Loaf) or Cristo Redentor (Christ the Redeemer), elected one of the "New 7 Wonders of the World". It is well worth experiencing both and deciding afterwards which view is better. Notice how the natural harbour is surrounded by lush, high mountains that meet the sea in the world-famous beaches of Copacabana and Ipanema. Christ the Redeemer on Corcovado Mountain gives an even higher perspective, and is the most well known and recognized landmark of Rio. You can take a tram up to the statue—the best view is on the right-hand side. From up here you can see that Rio is divided by a mountain range into two areas: the Zona Norte (North Zone) and the Zona Sul (South Zone). The Zona Sul holds most of the city’s sights, including the Sugar Loaf and the famous beaches. For any true football (soccer) fan, a visit to the Maracana Stadium is a required pilgrimage, where you can lay your feet in the imprints of those belonging to the great Pele and many other legends. Currently under renovation for the Pan American Games 2007, this Stadia has seen better days but never any better players than have graced its turf for Brazil. With around 6 million inhabitants, one of Rio's most precious resources is often overlooked: its people. Brazil is a melting pot of races, colors and creeds. No one race, color or religion dominates in Brazil. There is room for all, and that includes the many visitors who come to Brazil each year from every corner of the planet. Cariocas are particularly warm and fun loving. A crash course on Portuguese will come in handy. Although it is true that many Brazilians understand and can speak Spanish, it is not their native language and may offend some Cariocas. Other than that, most Brazilians will go out of their way to help a tourist navigate the city. Do not be dissuaded from visiting one of the most beautiful cities in the world by the negative press that Rio receives. Rio de Janeiro is a large city and is not free from the problems associated with poverty. First time travelers to Rio should be aware of their surroundings at all times and stay away from the favelas (slums). If you can afford it, hire a driver for your touring: not only will they keep you safe, they will also show you things you may have missed on your own. Leave the expensive jewelery at home and do not flash money or credit cards around. Be a smart traveler and Rio will turn out to be a pleasant surprise. Schedule as much time as possible for this destination, especially if visiting during Carnival, the greatest party on Earth! Contributors _________Sights Edit This i There is much more to see in Rio than just Copacabana. From Lapa and Santa Teresa to Christ the Redeemer and the Sambodrome, Rio de Janeiro has it all. Located between huge mountains and beautiful beaches, you will certainly enjoy this city. It hosts numerous interesting museums, some great colonial buildings and impressive churches. A must-see is Sugar Loaf Mountain (Pao de Acucar). There are also numerous galleries with good works of Brazilian artists. The best way to explore the city is by foot, as you will get a good taste of what Rio is all about. Public busses are generally good, but they are difficult to navigate as there is no route map. Prefer the air conditioned ones (with the words "Ar Condicionado" written on the front side). If you are visiting for a short period of time, it might be worth making longer trips by taxi; they are not very expensive. But be aware that the taxi drivers (especially during Carnival) do not always charge the correct fare for the desired destination. Most Cariocas do not take taxis, unless it is an emergency, it is raining, or they are late for something. The subway (Metro) is another good and safe option for getting around the touristy areas. There are also vans (white) with destinations written on a sign in the front window used mainly by the locals to move about the city rapidly. These vans are not recommended for tourists who are not familiar with Rio, or who cannot speak any Portuguese. For a list of attractions: http://www.rio.rj.gov.br/riotur/en/atracao/ Display all or display just: Hotspots Landmarks Museums Palaces Parks, Gardens and Zoos Public Buildings Synagogues Show best rated on top | Show in alphabetical order [Add Sight] Sugar Loaf (Pao de Acucar) Edit This i The hill 396m above Rio is a must-see. There are two cable cars bringing you to the top. They leave every half-hour from Praca General Tiburcio at Praia Vermelha in Urca. To get to Urca, catch a bus number 107 from the Centre or bus number 500, 511 or 512 from the Zona Sul. type: Landmarks World66 rating: [rate it] address: Avenida Pasteur, 520 - Urca openinghours: 8 am to 10 pm, daily tel: (21) 2240-4239 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Tijuca Forest (Floresta da Tijuca) Edit This Tijuca National Park is said to be the largest urban forest in the world. type: Parks, Gardens and Zoos World66 rating: [rate it] tel: (21) 2492-5407 url: www.riodejaneiro-turismo.com.br Christ The Redeemer - Corcovado Edit This i Elected one of the "New 7 Wonders of the World". Corcovado (the hunchback) is the mountain dominating the Rio skyline. On the top is the statue of Christ the Redeemer (Cristo Redentor). This statue was built to commemorate 100 years of Brazilian independence. The view of the city from the top of Corcovado is worth a visit! type: Landmarks World66 rating: [rate it] tel: (21) 2558-1329 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Parque Nacional da Tijuca accessibility: By Tram (bondinho): Estrada de Ferro Corcovado - Rua Cosme Velho, 513 - Cosme Velho. Isle of Paquetá Edit This i The island of Paquetá is located in the Bay of Guanabara. Cars are prohibited on the whole island and so horse wagons are common. High security and pure carioca locals you will find on this Island for lovers, which is in fact a very romantic and beautiful place. Indeed already the Imperador Dom Pedro II spent time to relax on this island. His coming was announced by cannon fire. You can take a ferry at Praca 15 de Novembro which takes about an hour to get there. You will pass under the world's longest bridge of this specific construction type: The Rio-Niterói more.. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.riodejaneirophotoguide.com address: Paqueta Rio de Janeiro Fort Santa Cruz da Barra Edit This Fort Santa Cruz da Barra Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Fort Santa Cruz da Barra Niteroi Rio de Janeiro photo by: Marc D. Berger This is not Rio de Janeiro, but Niteroi, another city! The Fort that was protecting the entrance to the Guanabara Bay which you can see best from top of Sugar Loaf is a must visit when staying in Rio de Janeiro. You can go there taking the Barcas - Rio/Niteroi ferry connection - at Praca 15 de Novembro at Centro. At the terminal in Niterói is leaving a tourist bus from the tourist authority of Niterói - Neltur. You will have a wonderful impression of the Sugar Loaf from the other side of the Bay and learn something about the more.. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.riodejaneirophotoguide.com address: Niteroi Modern Art Museum Edit This The MAM displays a well-known collection of modern paintings. The museum itself is housed in an interesting building. Architect: Affonso Eduardo Reidy, 1953. type: Public Buildings World66 rating: [rate it] address: Avenida Infante Dom Henrique, 85 – Aterro – Centro tel: 2102188 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Aterro do Flamengo Edit This Located in the heart of town, this giant park covers 120 hectares along the shores of the Guanabara Bay. Project credited to Lota Macedo Soares, the gardens were created by Roberto Burle Marx during the 60s. It has a marina, beach, jogging tracks, museums... type: Parks, Gardens and Zoos World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Museu Historico Nacional (National History Museum) Edit This The National History Museum is a must-see. It displays a great collections of historical items, for instance, maps, paintings, arms and colonial sculptures. Admission is about $-US 1. Call 2400088 for further information. To get there take bus No. 123, 125, 172, 180, 2017, 2018 or 2145. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] address: Praça Marechal Âncora, s/nº - Centro openinghours: 10 am - 13:30 on Tuesday- Friday / Saturday, Sunday and holidays 2 pm - 6 pm openings: 10 am - 13:30 on Tuesday- Friday / Saturday, Sunday and holidays 2 pm - 6 pm tel: (21) 2220-2328 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Lagoa Edit This Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas is the lagoon that limits great part of the city's south zone (Zona Sul): Ipanema, Leblon, Jardim Botanico, Gavea and Corte do Cantagalo (way to Copacabana). It provides access to Tunel Reboucas, the tunnel that leads to the city's north zone (Zona Norte). The view of Lagoa after crossing the tunnel to Zona Sul is one of the most impressing and unforgettable sigths you'll get from Rio. There are a lot of options, from kiosks along the edge of the lagoon to fine restaurants in the more.. type: Landmarks World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Av. Epitacio Pessoa and Av. Borges de Medeiros - Lagoa Banco do Brasil Cultural Center Edit This Two theaters, four exhibition halls, a computerized library, an auditorium, video rooms, a movie theater, tea room, bookstore. It's located near Candelaria Church and Casa Franca-Brasil (another exhibition hall). type: Public Buildings World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Rua Visconde de Itaborai, 78 - Centro Amsterdam Sauer Museum of Precious Stones Edit This A collection of more than 3000 stones and minerals. type: Synagogues World66 rating: [rate it] openinghours: 9 am - 6 pm, Mon-Fri and on Saturday only until 3 pm tel: 5121132 Botanical Garden (Jardim Botanico) Edit This The Botanical Garden was founded in 1808. The garden covers 137 hectares. The neo-classical gateway dates back to the last century, with XVIII century bronze statues scattered along its paths and lawns. type: Parks, Gardens and Zoos World66 rating: [rate it] address: Rua Jardim Botanico, 920 - Jardim Botanico. openinghours: 8 am - 5 pm url: www.rio.rj.gov.br tel: 2390718 Forte de Copacabana Edit This The structure that dominates the corner of Copacabana and Arpoador is well worth a visit. This is where you get to take the classical photo of Copacabana Beach you see on postcards. Take a short walk uphill for photos of Arpoador Park, Ipanema and Leblon. The Forte was built by the military around 1908 in the spot where the old Copacabana chapel used to be. Powerful cannons were installed in the rock to protect the city from invaders. Today Forte de Copacabana is a cultural center, and you are welcome to visit inside. The fireworks cascade along Forte de Copacabana is one of the more.. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] address: Copacabana / Arpoador Sao Bento Monastery Edit This Benectine monastery built between 1617 and 1805. A gem of Brazilian religious art. The Sunday mass, at 10 am, is a must. Dress appropiate. Call 2917122 for further information. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 2291-7122 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Rua Dom Gerardo, 68 - Centro. Urca and Praia Vermelha Edit This Sugar Loaf Sugar Loaf photo by: Carlos T.D.Madeira These very nice historical locations along the Guanabara Bay, around the Sugar Loaf Mountain (Pao de Acucar) are calm and pleasant. type: Landmarks World66 rating: [rate it] Wet'n Wild Edit This The attractions are located on an area of 110 square metres. type: Palaces World66 rating: [rate it] openinghours: 10 am - 5 pm, Thu-Sun, in summer time until 6 pm Hotel Copacabana Palace Edit This Rio's most glamourous hotel, Copacabana Palace has played a major role in the social and cultural life of Rio de Janeiro since it opened its doors, in the early 20's. The project by architect Joseph Gire was inspired in grand European hotels like the Negresco in Nice, and the Carlton in Cannes. Edith Piaf, Nat King Cole, Rock Hudson, De Gaulle, Eva Peron, Queen Elisabeth (and Charles and Diana), Walt Disney... the list of VIP's who have stayed here is endless. It was the setting for the Fred and Ginger's Flying down to Rio. Even books have been written about it. If you cannot more.. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] address: Copacabana Candelaria Church Edit This This famous church is located in Rio downtown. It is a good example for the late XIX century taste for opulent, Neo-Barroque architecture, with beautiful wall paintings. The following busses are passing: 107, 121, 123, 125, 172, 180, 2017, 2018 and 2145. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] address: Praca Pio X - Centro openinghours: 7:30 am- 4 pm, Mon-Fri and 9 am - 1 pm, Sat-Sun tel: 2332324 url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Lido Edit This The area between Copacabana Palace and Av. Princesa Isabel is known as Lido. It concentrates a number of landmark art-nouveau and neoclassical buildings, a living memory of a glamourous past. Masterpieces like building Itahy on Av. Copacabana 252 are not to be missed (the mermaid). Many of these buildings have huge 5-bedroom apartments with only one bathroom and no garage, as parking on the street was the norm. Most were adapted to other uses by language schools, and other businesses. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] Museu do Acude (Acude Museum) Edit This Museu do Açude Museu do Açude photo by: Eduardo Affonso An interesting collection of handicrafts and tiles from Northeast Brazil. The museum is located near the Tijuca Forest. Access only by road. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] openinghours: 11 am - 4.30 pm, Tue - Sun tel: 4925443 Bairro Peixoto Edit This This landmark art-deco district right in the middle of Copacabana's delicious urban chaos is a haven of peace, preserving a small-town atmosphere. Buildings are 4-stories high or lower. There is a quiet square where the elderly play chess next to children in the playground. There is a youth hostel in the area, and Bairro Peixoto is also popular with international budget travelers. Walk a few blocks and you are on the main street or the beach. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] openinghours: None url: None Museu da Imagem e do Som Edit This A collection of modern national artists are shown: photographs, paintings and recordings of music. type: Hotspots World66 rating: [rate it] address: Praca Rui Barbosa openinghours: 1 pm - 6 pm, Monday to Friday Quinta da Boa Vista and National Museum Edit This Loacated in the city's North Part (Zona Norte), the Royal residence was the home to the emperors in Brazil from 1822 to 1889, when the Republic was proclaimed. Nowadays National Museum, Parks and Zoo. Being usually distant for tourists, it's preferably to visit it in groups, with a native guide. type: Parks, Gardens and Zoos World66 rating: [rate it] openingHours: Visits to the National Museum: from Tuesdays to Sundays from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Free visits on Thursdays. url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Pedro II Av., between Almirante Baltazar and Dom Meinrado streets – Sao Cristovao. Museu de Fauna Edit This A nice exhibition on the fauna of Brazil. type: Museums World66 rating: [rate it] address: Quinta da Boa Vista park openinghours: 12 am - 5 pm Parque do Penhasco Dois Irmaos (Dois Irmaos Belvedere) Edit This Still unknown to most cariocas, a view to Leblon and Ipanema beaches. type: Parks, Gardens and Zoos World66 rating: [rate it] accessibility: From the end of Rua Aperana (Alto Leblon). url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Parque do Penhasco Dois Irmaos - Alto Leblon ____________History Edit This Rio de Janeiro (River of January) has an exciting, ancient history dating back to the 16 th century involving pirates, natives, nobility and all the exciting stories that piece together to form the past of this great city. It was first discovered on 1 st January 1502 after being “accidentally” found by a captain by the name of Gaspar de Lemos who was a captain of a ship in Pedro Alvares Cabral’s fleet. It is legend that they thought that the bay that they eventually named Guanabara Bay was a river hence the name Rio which means river in Portuguese. The Portuguese then took little interest in the land until 1555 when French colonizers under Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon (looking for pau-brasil a native wood used to make dye and mineral riches) settled on a small island and created a settlement called “France Antarctique”. The Portuguese initially took little notice of this invasion but in 1560 a naval expedition led by Governor-General of Brazil Mem de Sa tried to expel them. They weren’t able to totally expel them until 1967 with the help of Mem de Sa’s nephew Estacio de Sa. The French were aided by the Tamoio Indians. The city was founded on 1 st March, 1565 by Estacio de Sa who initially named it Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro in the name of the Portuguese King Sebastian I. The city was developed as a military base against the French and even after their expulsion was frequently attacked. The city was built and expanded along the mountains (one particular one called Pao-de-Azucar) and expanded southwards and westwards which it continues to do to this day. There were many fortress castles built on the mountains that are still there. The first main industry of the city was sugar-cane for which the Africans and Natives labored, but this industry faded after higher quality sugar came from Northern Brazil . Rio didn’t really start to thrive until the beginning of the 18 th century when its neighboring state found gold and diamonds and needed to use Rio for transport of these minerals as they were the closest port. In 1710 the French got wind of this sudden serge of wealth and attacked twice, failing the first and getting paid a ransom for the city in the second which they ended up losing in storms at sea. The flourishing Rio then became the colonial capital of the Vice-Kingdom of Brazil as its former capital Salvador was going through civil problems and the population in Rio was then 50 000. The capital remained mostly colonial until 1808 when most of the Portuguese monarch Dom Joao and other nobles fled Lisbon , Portugal from the invasion of Napoleon. The entire kingdom’s capital was then transferred to Rio becoming the first European capital to be outside of Europe . Dom Joao inaugurated many landmarks (Botanical Gardens, Royal Library etc) but he moved back to Portugal when things quieted down leaving his son Pedro behind who led the journey to the independence of Brazil on7th, September, 1822. Rio really became stable and started to develop more with plumbing, sewage system, gas lights etc under the rule of his son Pedro II. When the slaves were freed in 1888 by Princess Isabel there was a large migration from the country fields to the city which took place creating the first favelas and shanty towns in the city. There was a miltary coup in 1889 that made Brazil into a republic under the first president Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca and Rio remained the capital until 1960 when the capital was removed to Brasilia after 5 years of construction under President Juscelino Kubitschek. Between 1960 and 1975 Rio was a city-state under the name State of Guanabara . However, for administrative and political reasons, a presidential decree known as The Fusion removed the city's federative status and merged it with the state of Rio de Janeiro in 1975. Before the 20 th century the city was concentrated aroung the mouth of Guanabara Bay known as the Centro business district but it began to shift south and west in the 20 th century to a place now known as Copacabana which together with the natural beach beauty and the by the recent years of favela violence. __________Practical Information Edit This Display all or display just: Embassies and Consulates Health and Safety Money matters Tourist information Show best rated on top | Show in alphabetical order [Add Practical address] GALDINO CAMPOS CLINIC Edit This GALDINO CAMPOS CLINIC is an amazing medical clinic that is specialized in foreigners. For some dumb reason, I got caught with a flu during my stay in Rio and things got worse from there. I had a high temperature and was feeling really sick. Thankfully, I was with a group of friends who contacted the hotel service requesting medical assistance which met my needs right away. They even came by the hotel to pick me up and that´s good service. Sure I had to spend the night at the Galdino Campos clinic, but I wasn´t complaining. Anything´s better than being more.. type: Health and Safety World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 2548 9966 url: www.galdinocampos.com.br address: Avenida Nossa Senhora de Copacabana 492 Safety Edit This Rio has some pretty significant problems, like poverty, corruption, and gang warfare, but the city is working hard to fix them. There is a Tourist Police along the beach, and this has significantly helped the city's image. Be careful and carry only as much money as you can afford to lose. Please do not carry any valuable objects (i.e. expensive watch or cameras) with you. Dress casually, like local inhabitants do. When its getting dark, it is not recommended to walk along areas like the city Center or Aterro do Flamengo and vicinities: lots more.. type: Health and Safety World66 rating: [rate it] address: Tourist Police: Av. Afranio de Melo Franco, 159 c/Rua Humberto de Campos, 315 - Leblon. tel: Phone: (21) 3399-7170 - 24 Hours Service Language Edit This Portuguese is the local language, but it is different from the Portuguese spoken in Portugal. Few people outside of the tourist industry speak English. Spanish is helpful to know, as many words in Portuguese are the same, but pronounced differently. type: Tourist information World66 rating: [rate it] Change your bills! Edit This Change your bill before hang around. A R$50,00 worth less than 5 bills of R$10,00. Really! Its more practical. A R$100,00 bill?! Don?t even think about it! type: Money matters World66 rating: [rate it] address: The nearest bank, or in your hotel. Getting Around Edit This It's not too difficult to find your way around Rio, the metro system is very good, although not particularly extensive, but the bus network will take you pretty much everywhere. Buses and yellow taxis can be found at the airport, although taking the bus from the airport can be risky. Yellow taxis are generally quite good and cost effective for short journeys, just bare in mind that many taxi drivers drive like Ayreton Senna! Other options are available in the form of private, unmarked taxi services such as Rio Airport Transfer. These companies more.. type: Tourist information World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rioairporttransfer.com address: Rio Airport Transfer email: info@rioairporttransfer.com Riotur Edit This Useful information for tourists (site in english). type: Tourist information World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Getting Around Edit This test type: Embassies and Consulates World66 rating: [rate it] Getting Around Edit This It's not too difficult to find your way around Rio, the metro system is very good, although not particularly extensive, but the bus network will take you pretty much everywhere. Buses and yellow taxis can be found at the airport, although taking the bus from the airport can be risky. Yellow taxis are generally quite good and cost effective for short journeys, just bare in mind that many taxi drivers drive like Ayreton Senna! Other options are available in the form of private, unmarked taxi services such as Rio Airport Transfer. These companies more.. type: Tourist information World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rioairporttransfer.com address: Rio Airport Transfer email: info@rioairporttransfer.com ___________Getting Around Edit This i There are a number of possibilities to get around in this big city. You can either choose from different types of buses, use the efficient metro, hire taxis or rent a car. [Add Local transport mode] By Boat Edit This i To get to Niteroi, take the ferry at Praca 15 (city center). The ride takes about 20 minutes by the conventional ferries, 15 by the new one and 10 by the air conditioned catamaran. I recommend to use the conventional and here one of the two with balcony to enjoy the trip take some very nice photos of the skyline of Rio and the sugar loaf. With a bit of luck you will pass under a landing plane at Rio's National Airport Santos Dumont. Also at Praca 15 is leaving the ferry to the isle of Paqueta - a refuge island without cars, for me a must visit in Rio. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.riodejaneirophotoguide.com address: Praca 15 de Novembro Centro By Bus Edit This Buses are the cheaper mean of transportation. They can be very convenient but confusing. Look for a listing of the major destinations on the front of the bus (though mostly they're only as specific as the neighborhoods the bus travels through). Prefer higher-priced buses (again, the price is advertized on a sign on the front or side of the bus). They are air-conditioned and more comfortable (look for the words "Ar Condicionado" written on the front side). Several of these run along the major beachfront avenues in Ipanema and Copacabana. Buses can more.. World66 rating: [rate it] By taxi Edit This Taxis have red number plates with white digits and meters. There are some smaller types with a taxi sign on top. As a general rule make sure that the meter is switched on Tariff 1, except between 11 pm and 6 am or on Sundays and holidays - then the more expensive Tariff 2 is used. IMPORTANT: Only use taxis with an official identification sticker on the windscreen. Complain if the route is too long or the fare too much. Radio Taxis are recommended because there are supposed to be more reliable. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] By Metro (Subway) Edit This The Metro is a very efficient way of going from one place to another. It is air conditioned and clean. There are two lines. Metro-Bus Integrated Services make the connection to Ipanema (Praca N.S da Paz, Praca General Osorio), Leblon (Jardim de Alah; Praca Antero de Quental) and Gavea (PUC). Look for these special buses stop. Operating Times: Monday to Saturday from 5 am to 12 pm Sundays and public holidays from 7 am to 11 pm. There are different tickets, so go to a ticket counter and find out the one that suits you: single, multi more.. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.metrorio.com.br ___________Getting There Edit This landing at Santos Dumont National Airport landing at Santos Dumont National Airport Marc D. Berger [Add Global transport mode] By air Edit This There are hundreds of flights from all continents and South America to Rio. Domestic flights arrive or leave from Santos Dumont airport. International flights go to Antonio Carlos Jobim International Airport (earlier known as Galeao). There are taxis and busses running into town from both airports. Some taxi companies have fixed rates, but it is rather expensive. You pay for the car and not for the number of passengers, so if you can share a taxi you can bring down the cost to less than $-US 10 for four passengers. Due to the fact that the way from the international more.. type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] By bus Edit This Buses run from Rio to all parts of the country. It is advisable to book a ticket in advance. There are a number of travel agents to book a ticket, for example, go to Itapemirim Turismo, R Urguaiana 10, loja 24. Call 5098543. The agency is located in the centre. The central international bus station is reached by bus from all parts of town. Some buses serving it are buses no. M94 and M95. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] __________Tours and Excursions Edit This Here are a few suggestions to explore Rio. Contributors May 14, 2005 change by giorgio [Add New] Océan (Diving Center) Edit This i Once in Rio de Janeiro , many tourists get so excited with the city attractions that keep going every day to the same beach. Its not a waste of time indeed, but they are missing a great experience, I had the luck to have. Beeing a sea lover, I have always had the wish to practice diving, unfortunately with no chances to start it. After too many days is Rio , however, a nice guide gave me the idea: why not become a diving class ? So, I made contact with the super efficient team of Ocean Centro de Mergulho, a high specialized place that made my more.. World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 21 2524 4000 url: www.ocean.com.br email: info@ocean.com.br Cosmetic Vacations Edit This In Germany, there aren´t many places you can go to for a plastic surgery, or one where the results are completely satisfying. After much online researching, I found many results, and most of these seemed to be directed to a clinic in Brazil. That didn´t impress me, seeing as people there tend to be very beautiful, so I looked into some sites for further information and eventually found one which included the best deal, called Cosmetic Vacations. I contacted them and they helped plan my trip thoroughly, with flight and accomodation expenses included and taken care of, as well as more.. World66 rating: [rate it] tel: (5521) 2524-8184 url: www.cosmeticvacations.com email: info@cosmeticvacations.com Culture, Nature and Cariocas Edit This Rio de Janeiro - Aterro Rio de Janeiro - Aterro Despite of superlatives and stereotypes, Rio de Janeiro can be considered one of the world most beautiful and fascinating cities. Hosting some 10 million inhabitants, Rio is squeezed in between the green mountains of the coastal rainforest and tropical beaches at the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. The city essentially shows the lifestyle of a South American metropolis, with a strong touch of tropical laissez-faire. A wide range of scenic, cultural and architectural highlights prove that the city does not strive exclusively on Samba and Carnival. A visit to the Sugar Loaf, the more.. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br email: mmaldonado@carnival.com ____________Day Trips Edit This Beaches in Rio de Janeiro. Let's face it. There are gorgeous beaches all over the world. But no other beaches in the world caress the jewel that is the Harbor of Rio de Janeiro, one of the seven natural wonders of the world. And, I believe, no other beaches are hosted by people with a passion for life quite like Cariocas (Rio's locals). Something about that quick, joyful smile, that mischievous sparkle -- and that irresistible rhythm! I've been in a love affair with Rio ever since I first heard Brazilian rhythms as a child. I've even told my parents for years that the stork got lost and I was really supposed to be born in Rio! I reasoned that I have "tropical hair" with natural curls that are really only happy in an exotic climate, and the Brazilian rhythms -- they speak to me deeper than any other music I've ever experienced! And the JOY of the music, the JOY of the people -- I fit right in! You see, I'm what I call naturally-caffeinated! My parents used to call me the "jumping bean" as a child! And for most people, I'm sickenly happy and optimistic. I can't help it! So the beaches in Rio de Janeiro are definitely the perfect places for me! See my full story at first-class-dirt-cheap-vacation.com/beaches-in-rio-de-janeiro.html [Add Day Trip] HOCA TOUR Edit This i Hoca Tour is an amazing trails, jeeps, land rovers company.I am a backpacker and most of my trips are planned in search of adventure. When I was last in Rio I stayed at a hostel located in Copacabana which is a neighborhood close by the beach. I asked the people who worked there if they knew of any activities that could be done by daytime, so they showed me a guide named Rio For Partiers. This was an easy to understand guide with lots of information on what to do in the city and the surrounding places. Me and my boyfriend did many of the ones listed, but the more.. World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 55 21 9322 0870 url: www.hocatour.com.br email: contato@hocatour.com.br Marlin Yacht Edit This Want to do something fun and different? Ask the guys at Marlin Yacht for a planned trip around ?baia de guanabara?. The guys are the most awesome crew, and they give you everything you need for you enjoy the lil? trip. Lots of drinks and some pretty gool gadgets for fishing too! Really liked it! World66 rating: [rate it] tel: +55 21 2225-7434 url: www.marlinyacht.com.br address: Av. Infante Dom Henrique, s/n - Marina da Gl?ria - Loja. A1 __________Beaches Edit This Rio at night Rio at night I dont know The most beautiful beach in Rio you will find is Barra da Tijuca. At least that is the opinion from Maria Barbosa. Barra da Tijuca is the best beach, but is far away from Copacabana (about 20 km). Though, beware that the sea is not "calm" there. So swimming in the Barra beach is a dangerous activity. Actually unless you go to some paradise beach area near Rio (such as Buzios or Paraty - which you would really enjoy!!) where the sea water is very clean and calm, you should take care with the ocean in Rio. Contributors January 17, 2007 change by giorgio [Add Beach] Ipanema Edit This Ipanema Beach Ipanema Beach photo by: adecarvalho Ipanema is a beach connected with Copacabana and Leblon. Ipanema is a little bit less built-up than Copacabana and the beach is probably cleaner. Praia do Arpoadar at the Copacabana end of Ipanema is a great place to watch the surfers. There is no artificial light at night. Jo Lehl: A dream at 3 o clock in the night. Sitting at the coconut hut, sipping on a cold beer and see the yellow lights of the favelas. After one night of fear, I loved it. hendrickx : type: general World66 rating: [rate it] address: Av. Vieira Souto - Ipanema. url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Copacabana Edit This Copacabana Beach Copacabana Beach photo by: Stefan Andersson Famous from the songs, this beach is divided into a number of postos (sections), where the lifeguards are located. Each section is known for a certain type of people, for example, artists, gays, young people etc. The safest area is probably in front of the major hotels. If you come to Rio you cannot give a miss to this celebrated curved beach. The beach is 4km long. The name Copacabana has a Bolivian origin. Historians trace it to a XVII century image of Our Virgin Lady of Copacabana, brought by the Portuguese from a small village around distant Lake Titicaca. It was installed more.. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] address: Av. Atlantica - Copacabana. url: www.rio.rj.gov.br Leblon Edit This Leblon and Ipanema Beaches - View From Parque do Penhasco Dois Irmaos (Alto Leblon). Leblon and Ipanema Beaches - View From Parque do Penhasco Dois Irmaos (Alto Leblon). photo by: W.Heringer Leblon is one of the most charming beaches and sophisticated places in Rio. Its limit with Ipanema is the canal named Jardim de Alah. Walk along Av. Ataulfo de Paiva and Rua Dias Ferreira (Baixo Leblon), where you can find nice restaurants, shops and bookstores. At a square named Praca Antero de Quental you can take the Metro (subway) bus. There are also some excellent hotels. There are beautiful sights, such as Morro Dois Irmaos; Mirante do Leblon (at the end of the beach); Parque do Penhasco Dois more.. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.riodejaneirophotoguide.com address: Av. Delfim Moreira - Leblon. Joatinga Beach Edit This Joatinga Beach Rio de Janeiro Joatinga Beach Rio de Janeiro photo by: Marc D. Berger Joatinga is the most hidden and for a lot of cariocas the most beautiful beach of Rio de Janeiro. For sure it is the most safest in Rio and one of the safest of the world. It is located betweeen Sao Conrado and Barra da Tijuca. To enter it you have to enter the Conominum at the Estrada do Joa. There are guards letting you in... Most rich cariocas live there. It is nice to surf also. The only problem is that the sun goes away quite early. Take your virtual tour at The Rio de Janeiro Photo Guide. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.riodejaneirophotoguide.com Barra da Tijuca Edit This Reserva Marapendi - Barra da Tijuca Reserva Marapendi - Barra da Tijuca photo by: Marc D. Berger Some think Barra da Tijuca is another city, but it's not! It's a quarter of Rio's West Zone. World66 rating: [rate it] url: www.rio.rj.gov.br address: Av. Sernambetiba - Barra da Tijuca. Grumari Edit This i visited rio in 4 times and a loved, but i discovery a beaultiful beach only in the 4 time the best beach in rio is Grumari, you match easy grumari, it be a 5 minutes from barra and is one reserved beach is must beautiful go a grumari and after tell me for thank-me hehehe! World66 rating: [rate it] email: rpinheironsi@hotmail.com __________Nightlife and Entertainment Edit This Shenanigan's Irish Pub Shenanigan's Irish Pub Unknown Nightlife in Rio is fantastic. There is no shortage of cafes, bars and clubs for of all types for visitors to enjoy. Cariocas (Rio citizens) like the nightlife. Lapa is a bohemian neighborhood with mixed bars and clubs. [Add Entertainment place] Shenanigan's Irish Pub Edit This Shenanigan's Irish Pub Shenanigan's Irish Pub photo by: Unknown Shenanigans is an Irish pub found right in the middle of Zona Sul Rio. You can order drinks and attempt to sit or play pool (the pub is generally crowded) or make your way through the people to the small balcony and enjoy conversation, a beer, and a cigarette. ------------------------------------- Best pub ever in Rio is called Shenanigans! It’s a real cozy place, with lots of good drinks and beers…and if you love billiards, that’s the place to go too! I had some pretty good steaks there too, the food is delicious! And the more.. type: Pubs World66 rating: [rate it] ClosingTime: 2-3am tel: 2540.0870 url: www.shenanigans.com.br address: Rua Visconde de Piraja 112A - Ipanema email: reservas@shenanigans.com.br The Irish Pub Edit This Located just around the corner from Shenanigan's, The Irish Pub is smaller & cosier. Open from 12:00 everyday excepy Saturday & Monday (14:00). Offers a great Irish breakfast aswell as other food. More authentic than Shenanigan's as there is a real Irish man there, Padraig from Cork. Soccer matches & other big sports events are shown on TV. Well worth a visit. type: Pubs World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 2513-3044 address: Rua Jangadeiros, 14 Cristal Lounge Edit This I was staying at a hostel in Ipanaema with some other girls when on a Saturday night they suggested a local club, the Cristal Lounge. I hadn´t been around much and they were all good company so we all went to check it out. The music was good and we were dancing all over the place. They serve many different types of drinks at the bar of which there are two: one on the first floor (which is where the dance floor is) and one on the second floor (where people gather around to talk and flirt). Oh, cute boys too! Good times are guaranteed here, so look it up! type: Clubs and dancing World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 2247-8220/ 8267-4929 address: Rua Barao de Torre email: www.cristallounge.com.br The Queen’s Legs Pub Edit This type: Live Music World66 rating: [rate it] address: Av. Epitácio Pessoa, 5.030 – Lagoa tel: 222 3648 Cristal Lounge Edit This On my last night in Rio I went to Cristal Lounge, which is a place in Ipanema where you go to on a social occasion and the regular boozing. Being this was my last night out on the town and my hotel was nearby, I wanted a place I could go to for some music and drinking. The place is pretty well structured, including a dance floor (the first floor) and a social hour floor (the second), where you just watch people going by (and fellas, the women here are gorgeous). The music suited the mood, playing hip hop non stop all night, along with other danceable tracks. Anyway, Its a more.. type: Clubs and dancing World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 2247-8220/ 8267-4929 address: Rua Barao da Torre, 334 Ipanema neighborhood email: www.cristallounge.com.br ________Festivals Edit This Carnival at Sambodromo Carnival at Sambodromo Donald Harkema [Add Festival] Carnival 2009 Edit This Carnival at Sambodromo Carnival at Sambodromo photo by: Donald Harkema Carnival in Rio is the only real Carnival. Everybody is out dancing in the streets. Participants plan (and save up for) their colorful exquisite costumes for a year (though some costumes seem to be little more than glitter and one or two sequins). The best costumes can be seen on Sunday and Monday of Carnival week in the specially constructed SAMBÓDROMO(in downtown -- subway station Praça Onze). The shows start at 8 pm and continue until 8 am! Buy your tickets well in advance. Carnival is a must—at least once in a lifetime. The dates on which Carnival (Mardi Gras) happens more.. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] address: Beirut, Lebanon tel: 00961-03-971243 email: lb01@aub.edu.lb New Year's Celebration Edit This The Copacabana beach is also is home to Rio's famous New Year's celebration. It attracts over 2 million people from all over the world! Following a local tradition, most people dress in white for good luck. Offering a white flower to Yemanjá, the goddess of the seas, is also a part of the ritual. The exquisite fireworks festival starts at midnight, lasting almost a half hour. With white sand and waters that are never rough, this is also a very popular beach for sunbathing. During the summer international championships of beach soccer, volleyball and other sports are promoted in more.. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] ___________Things to do Edit This View of Joatinga Beach, Rio de Janeiro View of Joatinga Beach, Rio de Janeiro adecarvalho Beyond the sightseeing, Rio offers a number of pleasant and relaxing activities, including: -Listening to live Bossa Nova at the Butiquim Carioca in Botafogo, or at Severina in Laranjeiras. -Getting a fresh fruit juice at any corner juice stand ... caja (wow!), caju (cashew), graviola, goiaba, acai, fruta do conde, mango or just plain orange juice (suco de laranja). -Going for a drink at night at Praia Vermelha, next to the Sugar Loaf. -Going to Rio's Porcao in Flamengo for a "rodizio" ... a steak and meat feast. There's also the seafood rodizio at Mariu's in Leme. -Samba dancing lessons or going to an ensaio or baile (of Beija Flor, for example) at the Scala. -Having lunch at Albamar and then taking the boat over to Niteroi for one of the best views of Rio, from the "Saco de Sao Francisco" beach. In Niteroi there are also beautiful oceanic beaches, and other attractions, such as Museum of Contemporary Art (MAC). -Eating a steak sandwich at Uruguay, Posto 9 at Ipanema, while admiring the perfect bodies. -Watching a football game at Maracana stadium. -Eating good, fresh sushi (for example, at Sushi Leblon; Tanaka; Manekineko). -Playing or watching football and foot-volley at the beach... either at Ipanema, Copacabana or Leme... -Watching the sunrise at Arpoador and then going for a run or bike ride at Ipanema or around Lagoa. -Ordering a "Muqueca de Peixe" at Grumari beach after a day sunning or surfing at Prainha. -Hang-gliding from the "Pedra da Gavea" in São Conrado. -Watching the sunset on the sidewalk of Ipanema with an ice cold drink. -Walking around the Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas during the day. At night, take a cab and go to a cozy "quiosque" around the Lagoa. Is romantic and very pleasant! Many of those kiosks have candles and live music :) Contributors March 01, 2006 change by giorgio August 21, 2004 new by adecarvalho February 28, 2006 change by rtsweeney [Add Activity] Marlin Yacht - Ocean Diving and Fishing Edit This i Brazil and Rio de Janeiro , are worldwide known as a great place to fish. If you are in Rio de Janeiro and call yourself a sea lover, you must know MARLIN YACHT, a company skippered by experients navigators and first of all, unconditional lovers of sea. In the city ocean is very common to find Marlins, the beautiful fish, not to mention the other fish species you wont find back home. Marlin Yacht offeres not only the boat for you trip, but also the professional crew to guide you, rods, bait, drinks, etc, so you just show, sail, more.. type: Diving World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 55 (021) 2225-7434. url: www.marlinyacht.com.br address: Av. Infante Don Henrique, s/nº - Loja A1. Marina da Glória - RJ email: marlin@marlinyacht.com.br CASA ROSA CULTURAL Edit This i Rio de Janeiro is quite an amazing place. Imagine a huge, antique house that used to be a whorehouse (a fancy one) in one of the cutest neighborhoods of the city. Many decades after its closure, the house now keep the same name CASA ROSA, from the old times, but has nothing to do with prostitution anymore. Nowadays, its a place that offers so many attractions you wouldn't believe. During the day, it operates as a cultural center with awesome classes for tourists. There you can learn, as a total beginner, with few classes, the samba dance and the capoeira !!! If more.. type: Other World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 8877 8804/ 2557 2562 url: www.casarosa.com.br address: Rua ALice 550, Laranjeiras Maria Bonita Urban Spa Edit This Maria Bonita Spa Maria Bonita Spa After going to the beach in Ipanema I had scheduled an appointment with Maria Bonita Spa for two hours of massage. It was money well spent and this spa will apply some of the best massage techniques there are. I walked out of there feeling brand new. Totally worth it. type: Spa and Sauna World66 rating: [rate it] tel: (21)2513-4050 url: www.spamariabonita.com.br address: Rua Prudente de Moraes 729, Ipanema |
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Spiaggia di Ipanema Rio de Janeiro (che significa Fiume di Gennaio in portoghese) è una città del Brasile. La città è famosa per le sue spiagge turistiche (Copacabana e Ipanema) su cui si affacciano file di alberghi, per la gigantesca statua di Gesù, nota come Cristo Redentore ("Cristo Redentor") sul monte Corcovado, e per il suo annuale carnevale. Rio de Janeiro contiene anche la più grande foresta all'interno di un'area urbana. L'attuale sindaco è Cesar Maia. Rio de Janeiro si trova a 22° 54' Sud di latitudine e 43° 14' Ovest di longitudine. La città ha una popolazione di circa 6.150.000 abitanti (al 2004), e occupa una superfice di 1.256 km². La popolazione compresa l'area metropolitana è stimata tra i 10 e i 13 milioni. Rio è la seconda città del Brasile dopo San Paolo e fu la capitale della nazione fino al 1960, quando Brasilia ne prese il posto.
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StoriaL'area su cui sorge Rio de Janeiro venne raggiunta da esploratori portoghesi nel corso di una spedizione guidata dall'italiano Amerigo Vespucci, nel gennaio del 1501. Poiché gli europei inizialmente pensarono che la Baia di Guanabara fosse in realtà la foce di un fiume, e la chiamarono appunto "Rio de Janeiro". La città venne fondata il 1 marzo 1565 dal cavaliere portoghese Estácio de Sá, che la chiamò São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, in onore del Re Sebastiano I del Portogallo. Per secoli l'insediamento fu comunemente chiamato São Sebastião, invece che con l'attualmente più popolare seconda parte del nome. Veniva spesso attaccata dai pirati, in particolare da quelli nemici del Portogallo, come olandesi e francesi. Alla fine del XVI secolo, la corona portoghese iniziò a considerare il villaggio come un luogo strategico per il transito atlantico delle navi che viaggiavano tra Brasile, colonie africane ed Europa. Vennero costruite delle fortezze e costituita un alleanza con le tribù native, per difendere l'insediamento dagli invasori - la vicina Niterói, ad esempio, venne fondata da un capo indigeno per aiutarne la difesa. Il punto esatto dove venne fondata Rio si trova ai piedi del famoso monte Pan di zucchero (Pão-de-Açúcar). Più tardi, l'intera città venne spostata entro una palizzata in cima ad un colle, imitando la strategia medioevale europea di difesa dei castelli fortificati - il luogo venne da allora chiamato Morro do Castelo (Collina del Castello). Quindi la città si sviluppò dall'attuale centro in direzione sud e ovest, un movimento urbano riscontrabile ancor oggi. Fino all'inizio del XVIII secolo, la città fu minacciata o invasa da diversi pirati e bucanieri, soprattutto francesi come Jean-François Duclerc, René Duguay-Trouin, e Nicolas de Villegaignon. Dopo il 1720, quando i portoghesi trovarono l'oro nel vicino capitanato di Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro divenne un utile porto per imbarcare le ricchezze, piuttosto del più distante Salvador. Nel 1763, l'amministrazione coloniale dell'America portoghese venne spostata a Rio. La città rimase essenzialmente una capitale coloniale fino al 1808, quando la famiglia reale portoghese e gran parte dei nobili di Lisbona, fuggendo dall'invasione napoleonica del Portogallo, vi si trasferirono. La capitale del regno venne trasferita a Rio, che divenne quindi l'unica capitale europea al di fuori dell'Europa. Siccome non c'era spazio ne strutture urbane per accomodare centinaia di nobili, molti abitanti vennero semplicemente sfrattati dalle loro abitazioni. Quando il principe Pedro dichiarò l'indipendenza del Brasile nel 1822, decise di tenere Rio de Janeiro come capitale del suo nuovo impero, eppure la regione della città stava perdendo importanza - economica e politica - nei confronti di San Paolo. Rio venne mantenuta come capitale brasiliana dopo che i militari rovesciarono la monarchia e imposero la repubblica nel 1889. Comunque, i piani per spostare la capitale al centro del territorio nazionale vennero presi in considerazione fin quando il presidente Juscelino Kubitschek venne eletto nel 1955 e si insediò nel 1956, con la promessa di costruire la nuova capitale. Anche se molti pensarono che fosse una campagna retorica, Kubitschek riuscì a far costruire Brasília, con grandi costi, entro il 1960. Il 21 aprile di quell'anno la capitale del Brasile venne spostata da Rio a Brasilia. Tra il 1960 e il 1975, Rio fu una città-stato (come ad esempio Amburgo in Germania) col nome di Stato di Guanabara (dal nome della baia su cui si affaccia). Ma per motivi amministrativi e politici, un decreto presidenziale noto come A Fusão (La Fusione) rimosse lo status federale della città e la fuse con lo stato di Rio de Janeiro. Ancora oggi alcuni carioca sostengono il ritorno dell'autonomia municipale.
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Distretti cittadiniLa città viene comunemente divisa nel Centro Storico; la Zona Sud turistica, con le rinomate spiagge; l'industriale Zona Nord; la Zona Ovest; e la nuova regione della Barra da Tijuca.
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CentroIl Centro è la parte storica della città. Tra i luoghi di interesse si trovano la Chiesa della Candelaria e la Cattedrale in stile moderno, il Teatro municipale e diversi musei. Il Centro rimane il cuore della comunità finanziaria della città. Il "Bondinho", un tram, parte da una stazione del centro, attraversa l'ex acquedotto in stile romano - l'"Arcos da Lapa" costruito nel 1750 e converito in un viadotto tramviario nel 1896 - e corre lungo le strade in pendenza del vicino sobborgo di Santa Teresa. e altro
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Zona SudVeduta di Ipanema dal Corcovado. Le Isole Cagarras sono visibili sullo sfondo Copacapana notturna La zona meridionale di Rio de Janeiro è composta da diversi distretti, tra i quali São Conrado, Leblon, Ipanema, Arpoador, Copacabana, Leme, Botafogo e Flamengo, che compongono la famosa linea costiera di Rio. Il quartiere della spiaggia di Copacabana ostenta una delle più spettacolari feste di Capodanno del mondo, con più di due milioni di festeggianti che si affollano sulla sabbia per guardare i fuochi d'artificio. I fuochi vengono sparati da delle barche, per garantire la sicurezza dell'evento. Oltrepassando Copacabana e Leme, nel distretto di Urca si tova il Pan di zucchero ("Pão de Açúcar"), il cui nome caratterizza la famosa gobba che si erge dal mare. La cima può essere raggiunta con una funivia accessibile dal Colle di Urca ("Morro da Urca"), e offre una vista seconda solo a quella del Corcovado. La più alta montagna della città comunque, con 842 meteri, è la Pedra da Gávea di São Conrado. Il deltaplano è un'attività popolare su questo picco. Dopo un breve volo di atterra alla Praia do Pepino a São Conrado. Dal 1961, la Foresta di Tijuca è diventata parco nazionale.
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Zona NordUn'immagine della zona settentrionale di Rio de Janeiro, presa dal Landsat 7 della NASA La zona nord di Rio ospita lo Stadio Maracanã, il più grande stadio di calcio del mondo, in grado di contenere quasi 200.000 persone (comunque il più grande stadio in genere si trova a Praga, anche se non è adatto al calcio). Di recente la capacità è stata ridotta per conformarsi alle moderne regole di sicurezza e con l'introduzione dei soli posti a sedere. Attualmente in via di rinnovamento, finirà per contenere circa 120.000 posti. Il Maracanã sarà la sede delle cerimonie di apertura e chiusura e degli incontri di calcio, per i Giochi Panamericani del 2007.
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Zona OvestLa zona ovest è la regione metropolitana più distante dal centro di Rio de Janeiro. Comprende Barra da Tijuca, Jacarepaguá, Campo Grande, Santa Cruz e Bangu. Barra da Tijuca è un'area a sviluppo accelerato, che attrae principalmente la parte più ricca della popolazione, mentre i distretti confinanti della zona ovest rivelano nette differenze tra classi sociali. La zona è dotata di aree industriali, ma rimangono ancora delle aree agricole. Oltre ai quartieri di Barra da Tijuca e Jacarepagua, un'altro distretto che ha mostrato una buona crescita economica è quello di Campo Grande. Alcuni degli eventi sportivi dei Giochi panamericani del 2007 si svolgeranno nel Centro Sportivo Miécimo da Silva, soprannominato Ginnasio "Algodão", e altri nello Stadio Ítalo del Cima, a Campo Grande.
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Le FavelasArticolo principale: Favela Una favela di Rio. Rio è una città di contrasti, e anche se gran parte della città si possa affiancare alle più moderne metropoli del mondo, una percentuale significativa dei 13 milioni di abitanti di Rio vive ancora in zone estremamente povere. La peggiori di queste sono le baraccopoli note come favelas, spesso addossate sui fianchi delle colline, dove è difficile costruire edifici robusti, e gli smottamenti, provocati principalmente dalle piogge intense, sono frequenti. Le favelas sono afflitte dalla diffusione dei crimini legati alla droga, dalle lotte tra bande e da altri problemi sociali legati alla povertà. La Favela da Rocinha é la piú grande favela dell'America Latina.
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CarnevaleIl carnevale di Rio offre diversi eventi, tra cui le famose parate delle Escolas de Samba nel Sambodromo di Rio de Janeiro e i popolari "blocos de carnaval" che sfilano praticamente in ogni angolo della città. I più famosi sono:
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CalcioRio de Janeiro ospita quattro tradizionali squadre di calcio brasiliane: Flamengo, Botafogo, Fluminense e Vasco.
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Aeroporti
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VarieLa città, dal
13 al
29 luglio
2007, ospiterà i
Giochi Panamericani. In un episodio de I Simpson, la famiglia di reca a Rio. L'episodio fece infuriare gli addetti al turismo, che minacciarono di fare causa ai produttori del cartone animato. Rio è stata usata come ambientazione per molti film, come 007 Moonraker (1979), Blame it on Rio (1984), Bossa Nova (2000), e City of God (2002). Il porto di Rio de Janeiro è stato dichiarato una delle "Sette meraviglie del mondo" dalla CNN. Rio de Janeiro è anche il paradiso dell'arrampicata sportiva, con centinaia di di percorsi dai più facili ai più difficili, tutti all'interno della città. La più famosa montagna di granito di Rio, il Pan di Zucchero, ne è un esempio, con percorsi che vanno dal facile 3° grado a dei 9° grado che arrivano fino a 280 metri.
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Questo articolo è rilasciato sotto i termini della
GNU Free Documentation License Esso utilizza materiale tratto da http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_%28stato%29 Cronologia/Autori: http://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rio_de_Janeiro_%28stato%29&action=history Rio de Janeiro (stato)Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
Rio de Janeiro (in portoghese: Estado do Rio de Janeiro) è uno stato federato del Brasile.
[modifica] GeografiaLo stato di Rio de Janeiro è il secondo stato federato brasiliano, dopo quello di San Paolo; conta 15 milioni di abitanti e 92 città. Lo stato ha 8 regioni geografiche, quella della capitale Rio de Janeiro è la regione metropolitana.
[modifica] ClimaSono presenti molte colline, laghi, cascate e il clima è tropicale caldo-umido in quasi tutto lo stato eccetto nelle alture e nelle zone di collina come ad esempio nella città dei re del Brasile Petropolis e nella città svizzera-tedesca di Nova Friburgo.
[modifica] EconomiaMolte sono le attrattive per il settore del turismo, dalla città di Rio de Janeiro a numerose località balneari,sopratutto Niteroi che ha un numero di spaggie turistiche superiori a Rio de Janeiro,Petropolis,Nova Friburgo cittá in stile tedesco,Paraty nel sud intatta come ai tempi dell'epoca coloniale,Buzios,Cabo Frio,Araruama,São Pedro da Aldeia, con splendide spiaggie,Visconde de Maua e Itatiaia con bellezze naturali straordinarie,Penedo di colinizazzione finladese conserva ancora lo stile e gli abiti dei colonizzatori. Da un punto di vista economico è il secondo stato del Brasile, dopo San Paolo, come percentuale del PIL prodotto. Rio de Janeiro, ha una economia altamente dinamica e diversificata. Un settore importante è il petrolio estratto nella regione nord, nella città di Campos. Il petrolio e il gas naturale di Rio de Janeiro corrispondono al 83% del gas naturale e 90% del petrolio brasiliano(con le raffinerie di São Gonçalo, e di Duque de Caxias). Lo stato di Rio de Janeiro inoltre puó contare con il centro di arricchimento dell'Uranio a Resende, il quale consente di produrre energia nelle 3 centrali nucelari di Angra 1,Angra 2, Angra 3. Inoltre Rio de Janeiro é il primo produttore brasiliano(e dell'America Latina) come Macchine,Moto, con le sedi della Wolskwagen,Citroen,Peugeot,Iveco,Fiat,Garini,Honda,Toyota, e con una macchina prodotta al 100%100 a Rio de Janeiro, chiamata Obvio, questa macchina puó essere posteggiata o orizzontalmente o verticalmente, e funziona a base di Biodiesel(a base della canna da Zucchero) inoltre il reddito pro capite dello stato di Rio de Janeiro é di gran lunga il piú alto del Brasile. Nello stato di Rio de Janeiro sono presenti la Globo(www.globo.com), la maggior rete di tv del Brasile e la terza al mondo, la Tve, La Record(www.rederecord.com.br(secondo posto nel Brasile) la Cnt, e le tv www.passaponte.tv.br di São Gonçalo, e www.niteroitv.tv.br di Niteroi, oltre a contare sui giornali piú venduti in Brasile:Extra,Oglobo(www.oglobo.com.br,Odia(www.odia.com.br), e su giornali come www.osagoncalo.com.br www.nossojornal.info www.ofluminense.com.br www.folhanit.com.br www.jb.com.br www.odia.com.br www.odiacomercial.com.br etc... Inoltre Rio de Janeiro conta con forti infrastrutture, Ponte Rio-Niteroi(14 km, il piú grande del mondo) Metrô di Rio de Janeiro(secondo dell'america Latina, dopo São Paulo) che verrá allargato alle citá di Niteroi,São Gonçalo,Magé,Mariça,Nova Iguaçu,Itaborai... superando cosí il metrô di São Paulo, alle ferrovie che legano Niteroi-São Gonçalo-Rio de Janeiro, e i traghetti che legano queste 3 cittá ed anche numerose altre, l'aereoporto Santos Dumond (nazionale), Tom Jobim(Internazionale), e Galeão(Internazionale), e aereoporti di varie altre cittá come la turistica Cabo Frio, e la petrolifera Macaé, e sul porto di Rio de Janeiro, il piú grande del Brasile,sui porti di Niteroi, São Gonçalo,Angra dos Reis,Seropedica etc... Agricoltura L'agricoltura carioca corrisponde allo 0,6% del pil(segno di un'economia fortemente ricca ed industrializzata) produce:Fagioli neri,Patata,Patata dolce,Mais,Riso,Mandioca(o Aypim),Ortaggi,frutte tropicali, ed é nei primi tre posti nella produzione e esportazione brasiliana di:Caffé,Zucchero, e Cocco, oltre a produrre agrumi, e la produzione e esportazione di fiori(sopratutto rose). Allevamento L'allevamento é sopratutto di Bovini,Ovini,Caprini,Cavalli, e Pollame. Pesca La pesca dello stato di Rio de Janeiro é abbondante sia su mare(primo posto come pesca e esportazione di pesce azzurro) e pesca fluviale.
Rio de Janeiro puó contare su varie centrali idroelettriche, come quelle di São Gonçalo,Niteroi, Nilopolis etc, che danno molta energia, le 3 centrali nucleari di Angra dos Reis, Angra 1, Angra 2, Angra 3, sulla produzione di Petrolio e Gas Naturale, e su abbondanti riserve di Carbone(fossile) e (vegetale).
Rio de Janeiro é la seconda cittá piú ricca del Brasile, Niteroi la quarta, São Gonçalo la sesta, e Macaé e Campos sono al settimo posto insieme.
[modifica] Luoghi di interesseLo stato di Rio de Janeiro é famoso in tutto il mondo per via della sua capitale (a cidade maravilhosa, ovvero "la città meravigliosa") ricca di bellezze, artistiche, naturali, storiche e urbanistiche. Lo stato vanta però anche la citta dei re del Brasile, Petropolis con tutti i monumenti riguardanti l'epoca reale e persino oggetti personali dei re. Tra le altre città Cabo Frio e la vicina Buzios, che attraggono sempre piu turisti, per le loro bellezze architettoniche e naturali, tra le quali spiagge bellissime. Un'altra città interessante è Paraty, di antica origine, dove le strade della città vecchia sono state costruite dagli schiavi, interamente in pietra. Rio de Janerio, la capitale, è la città piu famosa del Brasile, le sue spiagge hanno fama internazionale (Ipanema, Copa Cabana), il suo stadio è piu grande del mondo, "il Maracaná", ha anche la foresta urbana piu grande del mondo, "a Tijuca", e tesori architettonici. Altra attrazione è Pao De Açucar (pan di zucchero) dove si trova il simbolo di Rio de Janeiro, O Cristo Redentor, punto panoramico dal quale si puo vedere tutta la città.
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