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| Marshall Islands Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see concrete dome concrete dome u.s. navy The Marshall Islands are a group of islands in the west-central Pacific; located about halfway between Australia and Hawaii. The Republic of the Marshall Islands (the contry's formal name) offers natural beauty and a rich culture. Pristine coral reefs teeming with marine life make the 'Marshalls' a premiere dive destination. The Marshall Islands form two vast parallel chains of atolls scattered over 750,000 square miles of the tranquil Pacific Ocean. The chains are called the Ratak (sunrise chain) and Ralik (sunset chain). Together, they encompass 29 atolls and 5 individual islands totaling abut 1,225 islands and 870 reef systems. Among other attractions, the islands offer breathtaking marine environments, with over 800 species of fish and 160 species of coral, ample diving and snorkeling opportunities, serene outer islands, abundant big game, bottom, and fly fishing conditions, and a multitude of World War II wrecks and sites unparalleled anywhere in the Pacific. Most people live on the island of Majuro (the nation's capital) in the Ratak chain. Perhaps, the most important atoll of the Ralik chain is the Kwajalein atoll . But probably the most famous island of the whole group is the Bikini atoll - a major US nuclear testing site, now mostly inhabited. _________-History Edit This Little is clearly understood about the prehistory of the Marshall Islands. That successive waves of migratory peoples from Southeast Asia spread across the Western Pacific about 3 000 years ago and that some of them landed on and remained on these islands is about all that researchers agree upon. The Spanish explorer Alvarode Saavendra landed there in 1529. The islands were claimed by Spain in 1874. They were named for English explorer John Marshall who visited them in 1799. Germany established a protectorate in 1885 and set up trading stations on the islands of Jaluit and Ebon to carry out the flourishing copra (dried coconut meat) trade. Marshallese Iroij (high chiefs) continued to rule under indirect colonial German administration. At the beginning of World War I Japan assumed control of the Marshall Islands. Their headquarters remained at the German center of administration Jaluit. U.S. Marines and army troops took control from the Japanese in early 1944 following intense fighting on Kwajalein and Enewetak atolls. In 1947 the United States as the occupying power entered into an agreement with the UN Security Council to administer Micronesia including the Marshall Islands known as the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. On May 1 1979 in recognition of the evolving political status of the Marshall Islands the United States recognized the constitution of the Marshall Islands and the establishment of the Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. The constitution incorporates both American and British constitutional concepts. 0 __________Practical Information Edit This Proof of U.S. citizenship preferably a passport but not visas are required of American citizens traveling to the Marshall Islands. Visitors can obtain permits to stay up to three months by presenting an onward or return ticket and evidence of sufficient funds to cover the period of stay. Immunizations against cholera and yellow fever may be required of travelers coming from infected areas. AIDS testing may be required of visitors staying longer than 3 months. Climate and clothing: Climate is tropical with high humidity an average temperature of 84 degrees and little seasonal change. Rainfall varies from 6-14 inches monthly. Dress is casual. Shorts are not acceptable as street wear for either sex. Typhoid hepatitis B and venereal diseases are endemic in the Marshall Islands. Typhoid and polio shots are recommended. Health care is adequate for minor medical problems. Tap water is not potable; bottled water is available. Travelers should consult latest information. Telecommunications: Domestic and international telephone service is available. Telephone service outside Majuro and Kwajalein is unavailable. Outer islands are linked by an HF radio net. Majuro is across the international date line 16 standard time zones ahead of eastern standard time. _________Getting Around Edit This Domestic flights service 25 airstrips on 22 inhabited atolls. Transportation between islands is also available by sea. Taxis are available during normal work hours in Majuro and public transportation is exceedingly limited. Rental cars are available but there are only 152 km. (95 mi.) of paved roads in the Marshalls (mostly on Majuro and Ebeye). ______Getting There Edit This Transportation: Flights arrive in Majuro from Honolulu, Guam and Fiji several times a week. [Add Global transport mode] fiji to majuro Edit This flights from fiji to marshall islands type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] fiji to majuro Edit This flights from fiji to marshall islands type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] _________Economy Edit This The government is the largest employer employing 34% of the workforce. GDP is derived mainly from payments made by the United States under the terms of the Compact of Free Trade Association. Direct U.S. aid accounted for $40 million of the Marshalls' 1992 budget of $65 million. The economy combines a small subsistence sector and a modern urban sector. The subsistence sector on the outer islands is fueled by the production of copra and handicrafts. The modern service-oriented economy is located in Majuro and Ebeye. It is sustained by government expenditures and the U.S. Army installation at Kwajalein Atoll which gives a boost to the economy in its own right. The airfield there also serves as a national hub for Air Marshall Islands. The modern sector consists of wholesale and retail trade restaurants banking and insurance construction and repair services professional services and copra processing. Copra cake and oil are by far the nation's largest exports. At $1.8 million copra accounted for 79% of 1989 exports. Copra production the most important single commercial activity for the past 100 years now depends on government subsidies however. The subsidies more a social policy than an economic strategy help reduce migration from outer atolls to densely populated Majuro and Ebeye. Marine resources including fishing opening a cannery and aquaculture as well as tourism development and agriculture are top government development priorities. The Marshall Islands is working to establish a fishing fleet and sells fishing rights to other nations as a source of income. As a small nation the Marshall Islands must import a wide variety of goods including foodstuffs consumer goods machinery and petroleum products. Economy—overview: US Government assistance is the mainstay of the economy constituting an important supplement to GDP. Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms and the most important commercial crops are coconuts tomatoes melons and breadfruit. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts fish processing and copra. The tourist industry now a small source of foreign exchange employing less than 10% of the labor force remains the best hope for future added income. The islands have few natural resources and imports far exceed exports. The government is drafting economic reforms designed to increase revenue and compensate for reductions in US Government grants—in FY95/96 the US Government provided grants of $68 million equal to roughly 70% of the country's GDP. More than 25% of the government's FY95/96 budget was devoted to debt repayment. In 1996 efforts to stabilize the economy included a 27% reduction in the government's work force and a 10% cut in the budget. GDP: purchasing power parity—$98 million (1996 est.) GDP—real growth rate: 2% (1996 est.) GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity—$1 680 (1996 est.) GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 15% industry: 13% services: 72% (1995) Inflation rate—consumer price index: 4% (FY95/96) Labor force: total: 4 800 (1986) by occupation: NA Unemployment rate: 16% (1991 est.) Budget: revenues: $80.1 million expenditures: $77.4 million including capital expenditures of $19.5 million (FY95/96 est.) Industries: copra fish tourism craft items from shell wood and pearls offshore banking (embryonic) Industrial production growth rate: NA% Electricity—capacity: 16 000 kW (1994) Electricity—production: 57 million kWh (1994) Electricity—consumption per capita: NA kWh Agriculture—products: coconuts cacao taro breadfruit fruits; pigs chickens Exports: total value: $17.5 million (f.o.b. 1996 est.) commodities: fish coconut oil fish trochus shells partners: US Japan Australia Imports: total value: $71.8 million (c.i.f. 1996 est.) commodities: foodstuffs machinery and equipment fuels beverages and tobacco partners: US Japan Australia NZ Debt—external: $128 million (FY95/96) Economic aid: recipient: under the terms of the Compact of Free Association the US is to provide approximately $68 million in aid annually Currency: 1 United States dollar (US$) = 100 cents Exchange rates: US currency is used Fiscal year: 1 October—31 September ___________People Edit This Population: 63 031 (July 1998 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 50% (male 16 073; female 15 432) 15-64 years: 48% (male 15 408; female 14 695) 65 years and over: 2% (male 669; female 754) (July 1998 est.) Population growth rate: 3.85% (1998 est.) Birth rate: 45.39 births/1 000 population (1998 est.) Death rate: 6.9 deaths/1 000 population (1998 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1 000 population (1998 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female (1998 est.) Infant mortality rate: 44.54 deaths/1 000 live births (1998 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.48 years male: 62.89 years female: 66.14 years (1998 est.) Total fertility rate: 6.72 children born/woman (1998 est.) Nationality: noun: Marshallese (singular and plural) adjective: Marshallese Ethnic groups: Micronesian Religions: Christian (mostly Protestant) Languages: English (universally spoken and is the official language) two major Marshallese dialects from the Malayo-Polynesian family Japanese Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 93% male: 100% female: 88% (1980 est.) ___________Government Edit This The legislative branch of the government consists of the Nitijela (parliament) with an advisory council of high chiefs. The Nitijela has 33 members from 24 districts elected for concurrent 4-year terms. Members are called senators. The president is elected by the Nitijela from among its members (elected Senetors). Presidents pick cabinet members from the Nitijela. Amata Kabua was elected as the first President of the republic in 1979. Subsequently he was re-elected to 4-year terms in 1983 1987 1991 and 1996. The Republic of the Marshall Islands has four court systems: Supreme Court high court district and community courts and the traditional rights court. Trial is by jury or judge. Jurisdiction of the traditional rights court is limited to cases involving titles or land rights or other disputes arising from customary law and traditional practice. Principal Government Officials Head of State--President Amata Kabua Minister of Foreign Affairs--Phillip Muller Ambassador to the U.S.--Banny de Brum Ambassador to the UN--Laurence N. Edwards The Republic of the Marshall Islands maintains an embassy at 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW Washington DC 20008 (tel. 202-234- 5414). The Marshall Islands' mission to the United Nations is located at the News Building 220 E. 42nd St. 31st Floor New York NY 10017 (tel. 212-983-3040). Consulates are located at 1888 Lusitana St. Suite 301 Honolulu HI 96813 (tel. 808-545-7767) and 1500 Quail St. Suite 210 Newport Beach CA 92660 (tel. 714-474-0331). Citizens of the Marshall Islands live with a relatively new democratic political system combined with a hierarchical traditional culture. As in some other Pacific island nations potential conflict has been avoided by virtue of the fact that one of the highest chiefs Amata Kabua remains President. There have been a number of local and national elections since the Republic of the Marshall Islands was founded and in general democracy has functioned well. There have been some incidents of human rights concern however such as the government urging a high court judge to resign or putting pressure on the local newspaper because of press criticism. In the 1991 national election the Ralik-Ratak Democratic Party (RRDP) was formed to run against President Kabua and his supporters. The governing party was later called the Government Party. The RRDP elected only two candidates to the Nitijela but the party remains an alternative for people dissatisfied with the national government. ::::::::::::Bikini atoll Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Bikini Atoll, part of the Marshall Islands, in mid Pacific, is famous for the nuclear tests carried out in 1946, through to 1954. The islands are safe to visit, and background radiation is now less than most large cities. Visitors are advised not to eat produce grown on the atoll, due to the risk of ingesting ceasium, which may have a cumulative effect over a period of time. Fish are unaffected, and are in abundance due to lack of an idigenous population. Visiting the islands is strictly controlled. The majority of visitors travel to dive the wrecks from the 1946 tests, resting on the lagoon floor. Fishermen also enjoy the varied species and challenging fly fishing, in addition to angling for larger species including yellow fin tuna. There is accommodation for 12 visitors on Bikini Island, all booking is done through the local government www.bikiniatoll.com. Indigenous people were relocated in 1946, and other than an abortive attempt to resettle the islands during the 1970's, have remained in exile on other islands within the Marshall's, and the USA. Tourism on Bikini benefits the Bikini Islanders through a trust opeated by the Local Government. ___________Getting There Edit This [Add Global transport mode] Linda Edit This Air Marshall Island has regularly scheduled flights from Majuro, and there are a few dive companies based on Majuro that provide tours. ::::::::::::Enewetok atoll Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see concrete dome concrete dome u.s. navy Enewetok Atoll are the small islands where the u.s. tested 43 atomic bombs in the 1950's..including 'mike'..the worlds first thermonuclear device. I was there during the late 1970's for the governments attempt at cleaning up the resulting radiation. Radioactive soil and materials were dumped into the lagoon and into a large bomb crater, then the crater was sealed with a huge concrete cap. The burial site is expected to be 'hot' for 25,000 years. This Atoll, although one of the most beautiful places anywhere, is not where I would go for a vacation. :::::::::Kwajalein atoll Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Kwajalein Atoll consists of 97 islands with a total land mass of just 6.5 sq miles (17 sq km) that surround an immense 1100 sq mile (2850 sq km) lagoon. This makes it the biggest coral atoll in the world. It's not much of a tourist draw; the biggest island is owned by the US Army the smaller islands are not particularly intersting either. The closest thing to a tourist attraction is the possibility to dive for WW II ship wrecks. The atoll is used by the US Air Force for testing intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) fired from Vandenburg Air Force Base in California, 4200 miles (6700km) away. The tests generally occur at night, often lighting up the sky with a brilliant display of explosions, burning debris and sonic booms. About 1200 Americans live on Kwajalein Island, the biggest island of the atoll, as well as Roi-Namur and Meck. The island is off limits to unofficial visitors except as a transit point to neighboring Ebeye Island, home to about 10000 Marshallese laborers who work on Kwajalein but aren't allowed to live there. Bikini Atoll natives now reside on the NE end of Kwajalein Atoll where the EPA gives them annual physicals. ________Getting There Edit This [Add Global transport mode] By Air Edit This Aloha Airlines and Continental Micronesia have regularly scheduled flights from Honolulu. Air Marshall Islands has flights from Majuro. You must have written military orders from the U.S. Army to visit Kwajalein. Most visitors can be sponsored by a friend or relative residing on Kwajalein, which takes approximately one month for the paperwork. There are dive companies and hotels on Ebeye that you can stay at without these papers, but you will not be allowed to visit Kwajalein Island or many outer islands. type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] ::::::::::Majuro Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Majuro is a fairly large atoll. Three of Majuro's islands - Delap, Uliga and Darrit (Rita) - combine to form the the nation's capital, also known as D-U-D. It's the most modern place on all the islands but there are still a few sights worth seeing. There is a museum, a copra processing plant and the shockingly modernistic capitol building to visit. On the west side of the island Laura is the place to head for - the best beached, the most authentic villages and the best diving are found here. From Laura to Delap on the west side is some 30 miles. __________Getting There Edit This [Add Global transport mode] Air Marshall Islands/ Continental/ Our Airline Edit This Air Marshall Islands- Connects many of the islands and atolls in the Marshall Islands Continental- Flies from Majuro to Guam, Honolulu, and Kwajelein (Marshall Islands) Our Airline- Flies from Tarawa (Nauru) type: By Air World66 rating: [rate it] __________Museums Edit This [Add Museum] Alele Museum Edit This Open Alele Museum showcases both the traditional and colonial history of the Marshalls. Some of Alele's features include authentic tools and artifacts, traditional canoe displays, original photos from the Joachim de Brum collection, a geological history model of the Marshall Islands, and numerous photos from the German, Japanese and U.S. colonial eras. Alele's newest attraction is the elaborate shell collection from Mili Atoll. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] address: Downtown Majuro |