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| Libya Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Qaser El Haj Qaser El Haj Sami Zaptia Until recently Libya was very hard to get to due to political restictions, but now the country is slowly opening up to tourism. Libya has quite some potential. It is just a few hours south from mass tourist destinations in Tunisia. It has some great Roman sights in Leptis magna, Sabratha, Shahhat etc. It also has lots of desert with unique old desert cities such as Ghat Ghadhames and numerous castles. Also numerous mountains and desert lakes off Sebha down the Wadi al Haya valley (Valley of Life) such as Umm Al Maa, Mandara and Gaber Oun lake lakes etc. Germa is about halfway between Sebha and Ubari __________Sights Edit This Qaser El Haj Qaser El Haj Sami Zaptia Fortified Granaries at Qaser el/al Haj, in the Jabal Al Gharbee (Western mountains) region of Libya are about 150 km south of the capital Tripoli and are set at 221 metres (728 feet) high. The Qaser (Qasr/Gaser/Gasser) or FORT has about 114 rooms for the storage of grain and about 30 for storing olive oil, each belonging to one family. ______Getting There Edit This Libya does not sound like an every day tourist destination, and it's not. That, however, does not mean that that you shouldn't go! Quite the contrary, Libya has marvellous monuments dating back to Roman and Greek times, good souqs and lots of great desert for you to explore. The capital Tripoli is well worth a visit as well. The people are very friendly and curious. You might want to avoid discussing sensitive political topics. One warning however, it is not always easy to get visa for Libya. See Libya/Visa. ________Economy Edit This Economy—overview: The socialist-oriented economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector which contributes practically all export earnings and about one-third of GDP. Per capita GDP is the highest in Africa at $6 700 but disproportionately little of national income flows down to the lower orders of society. GDP growth fluctuates sharply in response to changes in the world oil market; GDP has either contracted or grown very sluggishly since 1992. Import restrictions and inefficient resource allocations have led to periodic shortages of basic goods and foodstuffs. The nonoil manufacturing and construction sectors which account for about 20% of GDP have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include the production of petrochemicals iron steel and aluminum. Although agriculture accounts for only 5% of GDP it employs 18% of the labor force. Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit farm output and Libya imports about 75% of its food requirements. The UN sanctions imposed in April 1992 do not have a major impact on the economy although they have increased transaction and transportation costs. GDP: purchasing power parity—$38 billion (1997 est.) GDP—real growth rate: 0.5% (1997 est.) GDP—per capita: purchasing power parity—$6 700 (1997 est.) GDP—composition by sector: agriculture: 5% industry: 55% services: 40% (1996 est.) Inflation rate—consumer price index: 30% (1997 est.) Labor force: total: 1 million by occupation: industry 31% services 27% government 24% agriculture 18% note: 3% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.) Unemployment rate: 25% (1997 est.) Budget: revenues: $10.4 billion expenditures: $10.3 billion including capital expenditures of $2.5 billion (1995 est.) Industries: petroleum food processing textiles handicrafts cement Industrial production growth rate: NA% Electricity—capacity: 4.6 million kW (1995) Electricity—production: 17 billion kWh (1995) Electricity—consumption per capita: 3 239 kWh (1995) Agriculture—products: wheat barley olives dates citrus vegetables peanuts; meat eggs Exports: total value: $9 billion (f.o.b. 1995) commodities: crude oil refined petroleum products natural gas partners: Italy Germany Spain France Turkey Greece Egypt Imports: total value: $6.2 billion (f.o.b. 1995) commodities: machinery transport equipment food manufactured goods partners: Italy Germany UK France Spain Turkey Tunisia Eastern Europe Debt—external: $2.6 billion excluding military debt (1995 est.) Economic aid: $NA Currency: 1 Libyan dinar (LD) = 1 000 dirhams Exchange rates: Libyan dinars (LD) per US$1—0.3902 (January 1998) 0.3891 (1997) 0.3651 (1996) 0.3532 (1995) 0.3596 (1994) 0.3250 (1993) Fiscal year: calendar year __________People Edit This Population: 5 690 727 (July 1998 est.) note: includes 144 363 non-nationals (July 1998 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 48% (male 1 399 354; female 1 351 442) 15-64 years: 49% (male 1 412 067; female 1 361 372) 65 years and over: 3% (male 81 711; female 84 781) (July 1998 est.) Population growth rate: 3.68% (1998 est.) Birth rate: 43.95 births/1 000 population (1998 est.) Death rate: 7.15 deaths/1 000 population (1998 est.) Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1 000 population (1998 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female (1998 est.) Infant mortality rate: 55.81 deaths/1 000 live births (1998 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 65.44 years male: 63.21 years female: 67.78 years (1998 est.) Total fertility rate: 6.18 children born/woman (1998 est.) Nationality: noun: Libyan(s) adjective: Libyan Ethnic groups: Berber and Arab 97% Greeks Maltese Italians Egyptians Pakistanis Turks Indians Tunisians Religions: Sunni Muslim 97% Languages: Arabic Italian English all are widely understood in the major cities Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 76.2% male: 87.9% female: 63% (1995 est.) _________Beaches Edit This Tileel beach, Sabrata Tileel beach, Sabrata Sami Zaptia Tileel public beach is about 11 km west of Sabrata. You turn right off the main coastal road after the petrol station and bus shelter onto an asphalt road. There is a sign up at the beach for a major holiday complex by a foreign company. And once you are on the beach you can see why. The poweder-fine sand and pristine clean water with its beautiful shades of blue could be on any international holiday hotspot - not Libya. The sand is so fine and compact that we were able to drive on it right upto the water - as the locals often do. If you are visiting the ruins os Sabrata as your agent to take you there for a quick dip. :::::::::Al Qatrun Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see photo Al Gatrun, little more than a desert village with one filling station and a Niger consulate is your last stop on your way to Niger or to Chad. Mohammed Tager of the Wadi Alhikma Travel & Tourism Agency (Tel/Fax: 0735-2901) runs a camping ground in the old Italian Fort which is very nice. Mohammed organisea guides for Chad ($600) or Niger ($400). It is possible to do it yourself however. Go to Tajarhi, 80km south of Gatrun to wait there for the convoys. One warning: conoys are not very regular. Most of the traffic consists of Niger-bound smugglers passing through at night. ::::::::Apollonia Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The Eastern Church The Eastern Church Jan Mahieu The city of Apollonia(now Susa)was 1000 years long the harbour of Cyrene and also one of the 5 cities of the Pentapolis.The city was build by the Greek.What you can see today remains mostly from the Byzantine era(5th-6th century AD) Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Jan Mahieu :::::::::Awjila Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Inside the masjed (mosque ) Inside the masjed (mosque ) CEE MKA Awjila also written as Awjilah, Aujila, Augila, Aoudjila is an historic oasis deep in the Libyan desert about 260 kilometers south of Agedabia . From Awjila the the road leads to Jalo and Kufra. Not so long ago Awjila was the capital of the large surrounding region because of its unique location of being at the crossroads of caravans moving along the east west north africa route and the north south coast to africa route. It has the oldest masjed (mosque) in the western north african region with its unique style of architecture with rooms that are naturally conditioned . In the scorching heat of the summer days the rooms are cool and at night they are warm. The building materials are made from the soil and the palm tree branches which make up an excellent heat insulator. Awjila is a unique ethnic community as the people are of Berber ( Amazigh ) origions. They have their own distinct Berber language but Arabic is the dominant language and Islam is the only religion. The main activities of the people in Awjila are agriculture and working for the oil sector companies as this area is the cradle of Libyan wealth. The main crops are dates from the many verities of palm trees, tomatoes, and cereals. Recently Awjila aquired an extra importance as it will be the best and most convenient site for viewing the sun eclipse on march 29 2006. More about Awjila will be added later on including some photos. :::::::::::Benghazi Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see new cornish new cornish Benghazi is the capital of the east of Libya, a part of the country that has more Middle-East atmosphere, whereas the West is a real Maghreb-country. Located on the Gulf of Sidra Benghazi (pop. 650 000) is a pretty city filled with parks lakes and fewer ’70s-era concrete buildings than you’ll find in Tripoli. The main sights in the city include the Al Muntazah Park, the Zoo, the Al Funduq Market and the large archaeological area. The city also has nice beaches and an old-city section housing banks, government buildings, hotels and other commercial enterprises.The nearby Jebel Akhdar region is a good region for hikes but has been off limits for tourists, due to security problems. :::::::::::Cyrene Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The Sanctuary of Apollo The Sanctuary of Apollo Jan Mahieu The ancient city of cyrene is situated in the eastern part of Libya . The city was named in honour of the mythological Greek nymph Kurana. The city was founded in the 7 th century BC by Geek settlers from Thera. They were led by Battus chosen for the task by the oracle of Apollo at Delphi . Cyrene is one of the 5 cities of the Pentapolis (5 cities). Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Jan Mahieu ::::::::Germa Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The Roman Theatre, Sabrata Libya The Roman Theatre, Sabrata Libya Sami Zaptia Germa is the place to come to for a visit to the ruins of Garama, the ancient city of the Garamantians, built around the 1st century AD. It is one of the most important archaeological sites in all of Libya. The city floursihed between 900 BC to 500 AD was the dominate culture of the region and Ancient Garama was the capital. There is a good museum, burial sites in the hils of Zinchecra. __________Beaches Edit This Tileel beach is about 11 km west of Sabratha. Its beautiful powder-fine white sand and clear water is equal to any beach on the world's bathing hotspots. :::::::::Ghadhames Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see ghadhames ghadhames ghadhames Ghadhames is one of the nicest places to visit. The traditional desert architecture make it an interesting stop. The beauty of the nearby region make it an ideal trip form Triploi either just for getting some taste of the desert or on the way further south, to Sebha and then on to Niger. This traditional oasis village was once the southernmost outpost of the Roman Empire. In some ways Ghadhames still marks the southern limit of civilization before the terrain is taken over by the sands of the Sahara. 230 mi/370 km southwest of Tripoli. Our activities are; typically, based on complying with the basic principles of tourism. We endeavour to be included within its goals. However, the most important matter is to satisfy the tourist's or customer's need at the present time. To that effect, we have been concerned with having the competent staff to meet any body's need with ambition of obtaining the recognized service, due to the fleet of desert cars, land transport means, camping equipment it owns. Also we have representatives at the airports and hotels for booking and reservation at the airlines companies, visas and hotel reservations. Our service is characterized with organizing on camel trip across the desert as customer's request as well as heritage folkloric artistic concerts and tourists' festivals. Also, as we know, there are several festivals made in Libya such as " Ghat festival for Tourism, Murzuq Festival for Tourism and Daraj Tourism … etc". We are interested to have the tourist present at such events. We are fully ready to deliver the tourist to the sites of tourists' attraction featuring with non-paralleled importance for the tourist which include natural milestones, deserts lakes and heritage villages. Also, it meets the adventurer's and athlete's needs for traveling through desert crossing paths as well as the explorer having curiosity in scientific and cultural research such as camera people and explorers Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: www.desertakakus.com ____________Sights Edit This [Add Sight] Big Mosque Edit This D'jmaa al-Kabir, or in plain english big mosque is one of the sights in the old town. The minaret can be climbed and offers an excellent view over the town. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] The House Museums Edit This Near the western entrance to the old town, the House Museum is an old merchant's house with its original furnishings and decorations kept intact. It's a nice place to look around, although the word museum in the traditional sense does not actually apply to this house. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] Slave Market Edit This The square of the Mulberry is the old slave market, it is near the Big Mosque. Ghadhames was an important town on the trade route from black Africa to the Maghreb. Gold, salt and slaves traded hands in the desert. type: general World66 rating: [rate it] _______Guides Edit This Here are a few addresses of guides. If you have any experience with them (good / bad) or know other reliable ones, please let us know. [Add New] Inezwa Tourism and Services Edit This mahamoud aka mahamoud aka photo by: desert libya Mr. HASHEM HAMOUDA MANAGER - GHADAMES - LIBYA fax: 00218-484-2962 00218-21-605027 office: 00218-21-8484 - 2962 type: general World66 rating: [rate it] ::::::::::Ghirian Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Inside a Troglodyte room, Ghirian Inside a Troglodyte room, Ghirian Sami Zaptia Ghirian is a town set in the Jabal Al Gharbi (Western Mountains) about 100 km south of the capital Tripoli. It is famous for its pottery-making and Troglodyte homes (homes dug about 10 metres deep into the rocky ground). ::::::::: Idehan Murzuq (Murzuq Sand Sea) Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Dunes of the Idehan Murzuq Dunes of the Idehan Murzuq Howard Banwell The astonishing Saharan sand sea of Idehan Murzuq rises dramatically from the plateau of Wadi Berjuj. This is a place of astounding, glorious, breathtaking natural beauty; picture the most spectacular landscape of sand dunes you can imagine – this is it, and yet so much more! The Murzuq consists of wave upon wave of extravagantly shaped dunes, some as high as 200-300 meters, which span 35,000 square kilometers, or roughly the size of Switzerland. With the sun low in the sky the twilight bathes each angled dune face with its own soft, subtle hue, playing tricks of distance and perspective on your eyes. If you see nothing else of interest during a visit to Libya, these few moments would make the whole trip worthwhile. Idehan Murzuq is about 250km south-west of Sebha, and perhaps 1,000km south of Tripoli. It can be reached only with a reliable 4WD vehicle. ::::::::: Idehan Ubari (Ubari Sand Sea) Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Lake Gebraoun, before dusk Lake Gebraoun, before dusk Howard Banwell Idehan Ubari (the Ubari Sand Sea) is another enormous expanse of sand that is similar in size to Idehan Murzuq – it stretches almost to Ghadhames, 500km to the northwest. It seems to have a different topology to Murzuq, with vast panoramas of smaller dunes rolling like the waves in a Hokusai print, but it is every bit as breathtaking. In the late afternoon sun, the shades of colour change constantly depending on the angle of the light and the shape of the dunes. Some 50km up Wadi Gebraoun is the area of the Ubari Lakes, their beautiful stretches of water surrounded by reeds, date palms and tamarisk trees nestling under high ridges of sand. Sunrise in Gebraoun is stunning – cool, with translucent blue dawn skies, and nothing in motion except perhaps a lone brown crow flapping along the top of a dune as you wait for the sun to rise over the distant water lying amidst its palm trees in the valley below. The most usual start point for exploring the Ubari desert area and the lakes is Tekerkiba, a couple of hours drive along the Wadi Al-Hayat from Sebha which is 800km south of Tripoli. There are daily flights to Sebha from the capital, or it is a full day's drive. Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: http://www.pbase.com/howardbanwell/ubari :::::::: Jalu Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Jalu or Jalo is a small oasis inhibited by around 14500 people, it is about 400 Km to the south of Benghazi in the way to Kufra. Jalu is one of the most important oases in Libya , it is surrounded by oil fields and it is well known of producing High quality dates and tomato It used to be the distention of the caravans coming north from Kufra. Ivory and ostrich feathers from Wadai and Darfur come to Jalu to be forwarded either eastward to Egypt or northward to Benghazi this was during 19 century and the beginning to 20 century. ::::::::: Jebel Akhdar Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see jabal akhthar jabal akhthar barghathi The Jebel Akhdar, or "Green Mountain" is the hilly region near Benghazi. For the last couple of years the region has been somehwat unsafe due to small groups of people trying to fight the regime. Thier attempts have not really posed a threat so far, but did make this region of limits. :::::::Kufra Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see From Airplane From Airplane ???????? Kufra is as far away as you can get in Libya. It's reported that nothing has been done to meet the tourist's needs. With reservations: There are no hotels here. Kufra is an oasis based on enormous underground water reservoirs. While it once was started large expansion schemes for the region, the economy in it has made the Libyan governments turn to the unique Great Man-Made River. Great Man-Made River is going to bring water through pipelines from Kufra to the coastal areas. Only a strong economy as the Libyan could afford a plan like this, but the whole thing seems to become far more expensive than once planned. Kufr is also the starting point for a Sahara crossing to Chad to Ounianga. This is not an easy trip, and I have not heard of anyone doing it recently, but it is supposed to be possible. ::::::::::::Leptis magna Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The Theatre The Theatre Jan Mahieu Even those who have no interest in ruins will be impressed by the Roman remians you can find at Leptis Magna. The setting is impressive as well: overlooking the Mediterranean. The city was the birthplace of Emperor Septimius Severus. Leptis first gained importance 2000 years ago during the reign of the Roman emperors Augustus and Tiberius. Be sure to visit at least the Baths of Hadrian, the Basilica of Septimius Severus, the Forum and the Arch of Triumph. It is best to do Leptis as a daytrip from Tripoli.Otherwise try to find accommodation in Homs nearby, where there is not much of interets, but where there are some hotels. :::::::Misurata Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see misurata_goz-elteek-hotel misurata_goz-elteek-hotel Osama Misurata City is situated on the location of an old trade centers that the Phoenicians founded in the tenth century BC . It is some 200 km East of Tripoli and 825 km west of Benghazi. Misurata city is the third largest of the Libyan cities with a population of 300,000. ::::::::Nalut Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see libia libia Nalut sity The old town of Nalut is situated at the western end of the Jebel Nafusa close to the Tunisian border. The city is very famous for its Berber granary. From the top of the qasr you have a marvellous sight over the mountains and plains of the Jebel Nafusa. Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Jan Mahieu :::::::::::Ptolemais Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see The city of Ptolemais was founded in the 4th century BC and was one of the 5 cities of the Pentapolis. Only a small part of the city has been excavated. Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Jan Mahieu :::::::Qaser El Haj Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Qaser El Haj Qaser El Haj Sami Zaptia The fortified Granary at Qaser el Haj, in the Jabal Al Gharbee (Western mountains) region of Libya is about 150 km south of Tripoli and 222 metres (728 feet) high. It has 114 (based on the number of Surahs or chapters in the Koran) store rooms for grain and about 30 rooms for storing olive oil. Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Sami Zaptia's personal visit ::::::::::Qasr Libya Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Qasr Libya is a small place about 45 km west of Al Bayda and 59 km east of Al-Marj. Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: Jan Mahieu ::::::Sabratha Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see photo Abduladim Settled in the late 5th/early 6th century BC by the Phoenicians, Sabrata's development as a Roman city began in the latter half of the 1st century AD. It reached its zenith in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, particularly during the reign of Septimus Severus, who was born in nearby Leptis Magna . Much of the city was destroyed by earthquakes during the 4th century, particularly that which took place in 365 AD. A rebuilding programme followed but the city was now to occupy a much smaller area. The Vandals ruled in the 5th century but they were expelled under the Emperor Justinian and further building projects took place in the Byzantine era. Sabrata was to survive for a hundred years following the Arab invasion of the mid 7th century AD. The most spectacular site in Sabrata is the Theatre, probably built during the reign of the Emperor Commodus (161-192 AD), with its three-storey backdrop of columns. Other monuments and areas of interest include the Temple of Liber Pater , the Basilica of Justinian, the Mosaics of the House of Jason Magnus, the Capitolium, the Temple of Serapis, the Temple of Hercules and the Temple of Isis. :::::::::Sebha Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Desert outside Sebha Desert outside Sebha Howard Banwell Sebha is the largest settlement in the whole of Libya not on the Mediterranean coastal strip. It is a hell-hole of a place of some 100,000 souls, many of whom are immigrants from all over northern Africa. It has a 'frontier-town' feel to it and is said to run along tribal lines with each ethnic or tribal community controlling its own area. It has a large army garrison, but neither the army nor the police intervene in most areas of town, allowing tribal leaders or gang bosses to mete out their own form of rough justice. Garbage and sand pile up in the wind-blown, pot-holed streets which are lined with decaying tenement blocks and small, depressing shopping malls plastered with peeling advertising signs. Ugliness permeates the whole place: this is about as bad as it gets. The Funduq al-Mehari, supposedly the most expensive in town, is almost as bad as its sad, sorry surroundings. You are quite likely to be served rotten chicken for dinner, and do battle in your room with a leaking seat-less lavatory, an ancient rattling air-conditioner, and electric wiring that will have you convinced the hotel will be burned to the ground before morning. If you have no other option (to be strongly recommended), Sebha does offer a base to explore the Fezzan region and serves a stop on your way to Chad and Niger. If you have not organised your desert trip before arriving here (again, strongly recommended), you will be able to arrange some formalities. Ask around. Sebha is 800km south of Tripoli, and a good day's drive from Ghadhames. There are daily flights from the capital. The town's main attraction must be its connection to Gadhafi. Here you find the school he attended. It's said that it's here his political awakening started. Even if the school now is in normal use, looking in from outside, will give you the glimpses you need. Eating is not as much of a problem as sometimes reported. There are enough places to eat here for you to change your place every day through a weeks stay. Within reach of Sebha you can (with a 4WD) access the Ramlat Dawada (Idehan Ubari), Idehan Murzuq, and Acacus Desert areas. ____________Tours and Excursions Edit This tours in sabha [Add New] Sea & Sesert tours Edit This please visit our web site World66 rating: [rate it] tel: 002 010 1380612 url: www.sea-desert.com address: Tripoli email: yasser@sea-desert.com :::::::::Taghmah Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Part of Taghmah this photo was taken from the new Masjed Looking South Part of Taghmah this photo was taken from the new Masjed Looking South Hakeem Taghmah is locating at 2221 feet above sea level and 70 miles south of Tripoli. Taghmah is beautiful small Berber town part of Yafran County (Baladiyat Yafran) ::::::::::Tobruk Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Tobruk WWII cemetry Tobruk WWII cemetry Abu Samiha Tobruk also written as Tubruk is located further east along the libyan coastline near the egyptian border. The city is located on a peninsula with a stratigical harbor and a port for exporting oil. The stratical location of the city gave it an historical reputation when Tobruk was the theatre of operations and the battle field for world war II. The british and german cemetries bare witness to this fact and they are the main tourist attractions. :::::::::: Tripoli Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Souk Alturk Souk Alturk MK Tripoli, the capital of Libya, is well worth a visit. Although the oil boom has produced quite a few ugly buildings, the jumbled streets of the old town still offer a taste of Tripoli’s ancient charm. The city sites include a few museums, the Gurji Mosque and a U.S. Army cemetery that dates from World War II. Spend some time walking along the harbor to see the Roman Arch of Marcus Aurelius (AD 163) the Turk and Al Mushir suqs. There are also some excellent beaches just outside the city. Great Roman ruins can be visited as day trips, include Sabratha and Leptis magna. :::::::::::::Wadi Al-Hayat Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Desert outside Sebha Desert outside Sebha Howard Banwell Bordered by the majestic sand dunes of the Idehan Ubari to the north, and the Idehan Murzuq to the south, the Wadi al-Hayat is one of the largest and most fertile valleys in the Libyan Sahara, and is up to 12 km wide in places. Scattered along the oasis are villages and small towns surrounded by fields, market gardens and camel grazing, and the remains of Garamantian tombs around 2,000 years old. ::::::::: Wadi Matkhandoush Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see Dunes of Idehan Murzuq Dunes of Idehan Murzuq Howard Banwell The route to Wadi Matkhandoush lies south of Germa, about four hours by 4WD. At first you drive at up to 100kph or more over a flat plateau of gravelly sand which brings you to Wadi Berjuj, an extremely wide sandy valley alive with vegetation and herds of grazing camels. Once you pass the control point in the middle of nowhere which checks your Acacus Desert permit, you climb up on to a gravel ridge for more high-speed driving, before dropping down halfway along Wadi Matkhandoush, over several kilometers of large, uneven black stones that slow you to a crawl. The wadi itself may be barren and bone dry, or abundantly green and full of water if it has rained in the previous couple of weeks. On one side of the wadi runs a bluff of desert-varnished sandstone, and the whole 12km stretch is home to petroglyphs (rock carvings), some of which have been dated to 10,000BC, with many between six and eight thousand years old. Wild animals such as elephant, giraffe, hippo and crocodile are depicted, as well as domestic cattle and some formless human bodies dating to a later period. You will see no camel carvings here which may seem strange until you discover that the camel was only introduced to the Sahara around 200BC. Germa is two hours driving from Sebha along the Wadi Al-Hayat. Further south from Wadi Matkhandoush lies Idehan Murzuq. |
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La Grande Jamahiriya Araba di Libia Popolare e Socialista o semplicemente Libia (in Arabo: ليبيا) è uno stato del Nordafrica confinante con il Mar Mediterraneo e compreso tra l'Egitto ad est, il Sudan a sudest, il Ciad e il Niger a sud e l'Algeria e la Tunisia ad ovest. La sua capitale è Tripoli.
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StoriaLe prime tracce nella storia libica vengono lasciate da una serie di insediamenti Fenici, poi assorbiti da Cartagine nel VI secolo avanti Cristo insieme a tutta la fascia costiera: l'interno, desertico e, praticamente, privo di risorse, viene lasciato a sé stesso dai cartaginesi ed un secolo dopo (V secolo A.C.), sorge, nel Fezzan, l'impero Garamanti. Dopo la definitiva conquista (e distruzione) romana di Cartagine nel 146 A.C., la Libia nord-occidentale entra a far parte del dominio romano e, poco più tardi, viene costituita come provincia col nome di Tripolitania. Circa trent'anni dopo, nel 74 A.C., le legioni romane conquistano la Cirenaica ma la loro avanzata verso Sud viene fermata dai Garamanti. Dopo la caduta dell'impero romano i Vandali, provenienti dalla Spagna, occupano la Libia nel 455, per venirne scacciati due secoli dopo dagli arabi del nascente impero musulmano. La dominazione musulmana dura fino al 1146 quando la Libia viene conquistata dai Normanni di Sicilia. La dominazione normanna dura fino al 1521, quando l'impero ottomano arriva a lambire la Libia nordorientale che vi si sottomette, sia pure solo nominalmente: ma, trent'anni dopo, la sottomissione formale è diventata annessione per tutta la Libia. Nel 1711 sorge a Tripoli la dinastia dei Karamanli, plenipotenziari del Sultano, che prosperano proteggendo le attività dei pirati, che facevano base nel porto di Tripoli, e favorendo attivamente il commercio degli schiavi destinati alle colonie americane. Ma l'attività corsara nel Mediterraneo irrita sempre di più le potenze europee, ed alla fine le pressioni sull'impero ottomano perché abolisca il commercio di schiavi e combatta la pirateria hanno effetto: nel 1835 il Sultano della Sublime Porta rimuove i Karamanli dall'incarico di suoi rappresentanti. Pochi anni dopo, nel 1843 Mohammed Ibn Ali s-Sanussiy, capo di un importante movimento religioso, si stabilisce in Cirenaica e fa proseliti in tutta la Libia. È contro questo movimento che nel 1911, dopo la vittoriosa Guerra Italo-Turca, si scontra la colonizzazione italiana della Libia, che per vent'anni deve combattere la resistenza organizzata dai Sanussi. Questo periodo di lotta tra Italiani e Libici per il possesso della Libia è passato alla storia come "Riconquista". Il regno italiano sulla Libia dura fino alla caduta del paese in mani alleate nel 1943. Divenuta indipendente come monarchia parlamentare nel 1951, sotto re Idris, la Libia entra nella Lega Araba nel 1953 e nell'ONU nel 1955. Sei anni dopo (1961) inizia l'estrazione del petrolio libico. Nel 1969 un colpo di stato contro il re Idris, ordito da giovani ufficiali, ha successo: il governo provvisorio è presieduto da Muammar Gheddafi che resterà a capo del paese da quel momento in poi fino ad oggi; il nuovo governo nazionalizza tutte le imprese di estrazione petrolifera, nonché tutti i possedimenti italiani in Libia.
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GeografiaCirca il 90% del territorio libico è desertico o semidesertico: le uniche estensioni verdi sono lungo la fascia costiera, dove il clima è mediterraneo e dove è concentrato il 90% della popolazione. I rilievi della catena dell'Atlante separano la linea di territorio verde dall'interno desertico del paese, che è essenzialmente pianeggiante, con dune di sabbia, depressioni ed occasionali zone rocciose.
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Demografia
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LinguaParlata anche la lingua berbera, ma senza alcun riconoscimento ufficiale (soprattutto nel Gebel Nefusa, a Zuara sulla costa e in vari centri dell'interno come Ghat, Ghadames, Sokna e Augila). La lingua italiana e quella inglese sono utilizzate a livello economico per i commerci.
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ReligioniMusulmani sunniti 97%, cristiani 3%.
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Personaggi italiani nativi della Libia
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Tripoli
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Bengasi
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Homs
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Voci correlate
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Collegamenti esterni
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