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| Feodosia Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see photo_5 Today's name of the city has reached us from the beginning of the centuries. Only Feodosia from the Northern Black Sea costal region has preserved its antique name. This antique town was founded on the verge of the 6th century BC by the natives of the region of Asia Minor Milet. Soon a new city state with convenient harbor situated on the fertile land had changed into an important center of the Mediterranean trade. The city received the name Feodosia ('given by God') in the first half of the 4 th century BC. Since that time it had become the part of the Bospor Kingdom. The further history of antique Feodosia was connected with Greek barbaric Bospor Power. Feodosia was one of the main centers of grain trade of Bospor. According to a legend an apprentice of Jesus Christ Andrei Pervosvanny had visited the city. The last record of antique Feodosia refers to the middle of the 1st century A.D. We have the evidence of contemporaries that in 5-6 centuries the city was called Ardabda'The city of seven Gods'. And further narration of the history of the city refers to the 13th century when Genoa founded its trading station in the place of antique Feodosia. And the new city was renamed Kaffa by the name of its area. Foreign property of Genoa connected Western Europe, ancient Russian lands and Eastern countries. In the 14* century Kaffa became the capital of Black Sea costal property of Genoa, the biggest city of Northern Black Sea costal region, in which a few tens of thousands of people had lived. Since 1318 Kaffa had become the center of catholic eparchy, and at the beginning of the 14' century Armenian-Gregorian bishop was positioned there. In 1475 the former Genoese property in Crimea passed to the power of the Osman Empire. Kaffa (Kefe, 'Kuchuk-Stambul', 'Yarym-Stambul', 'Crimea-Stambul', Kefa), the biggest Crimean city and important economical and cultural center of the region became the capital of Osman property on the peninsular. At the beginning of the 17th century the city became one of the main centers of Gothic Orthodox eparchy. In 1771 during the years of Russian-Turkish war Kaffa was conquered by Russian farces. In the 70-80 years of the 18th century the residence of the last Crimean khan Shagin-Girey was situated there. In 1783 the city became the part of the Russian Empire. In 1784 an ancient Greek name 'Feodosia' was turned to the city. At the beginning of the 19th century the city experienced a short period of impetuous evolution in the area of Feodosian authorities. But on the whole, this century was not very successful for Feodosia. A true prosperity was achieved only after building a railway station in 1892 and a sea port in middle of 1890. By 20lh century Feodosia had become one of the prominent sea ports of Russian Empire and significant trade and economic centers of Northern Black Sea costal region. In the 19th century the city turned into one of the cultural centers, in 1811 a Feodosian museum of antiquity was opened. Now it is the oldest museum in the area of modern Ukrain. In 1880 an Art Gallery of a world famous marine painter I.K.Aivazovsky started to welcome first visitors. In the second half of the 19th century Feodosia had become not only educational center with a lot of educational institutions, but also a sea health resort of moderate cost. But as a genuine health resort it fully developed only in the 20lh century. Feodosia keeps antique remains under the modern city, and somewhere in the city there are still medieval towers and ancient temples, a lot of monuments and memorable places. In the Soviet period Feodosia was the part of Crimean Autonomous Republic and Crimean region of RSFR and USSR. In the second half of the 20th century Feodosia became an important scientific center. Today's Feodosia is the part of Crimean Autonomous Republic, the greatest administrative, economic, scientific, cultural and historical center of South-Eastern Crimea, important Black Sea harbor of Ukraine and transport junction and health resort. The names of many prominent people are connected with Feodosia. This is the city-museum connecting different epochs, proud of National Art Gallery of the greatest marine painter Aivazovsky and unique literary museum of romantic writer Alexander Green and Feodosian regional museum, one of the ancient museums of Europe. Eternally young, Feodosia is one of the ancient cities of Europe, the history of which numbers 25 centuries Part or or all of this text stems from the original article at: www.kafanews.com ________Sights Edit This photo Maximilian Voloshin 1877—1932 Max Voloshin ‘And on the cliff, enclosed by the ripples of the bay, wind and fate together have carved my profile…’ Koktebel 1918 Poet, philosopher, painter, Voloshin lived in Koktebel permanently from 1916 until his death in 1932. His spiritual philosophy based on love for each unique individual led him to refuse to take sides in the Russian civil war of 1918–21, when he gave humanitarian assistance to both Red and White soldiers. He adopted Koktebel as his spiritual home and became widely respected as a man of wisdom and perception. Koktebel, in turn, adopted him, and when local people pointed out to him that the rocky profile of a bearded man, clearly visible on the nearby Kok-Kaya headland above the sea looked very like him, he saw it as a symbol of his identification with the area and referred to it in his poem “Koktebel.” After his death it became known as `Voloshin’s profile.” The man Voloshin’s house-museum Born in Kyiv, he grew up in Moscow with his mother (his father, a lawyer, died when he was 4), and when he was 16 years old they moved to Crimea. He went to school in Feodosia and, against his own inclination to study history and languages was sent to Moscow to follow in his father’s footsteps and study law. Three years later he was expelled from the university after taking part in radical student actions and demonstrations, and went abroad—to Berlin, where he attended lectures in philosophy at the university, and to Paris, where he began to paint, under the influence of the Russian painter Yelizaveta Kruglikova, whose studio in Paris was magnet for young poets and artists of what was later called the Silver Age. He was strongly attracted to the work of classic Japanese painters like Hokusai and Utamaro with their attention to detail, and later painted many watercolors of Crimean landscapes. During the period up to the revolution Voloshin continued to live abroad, writing poetry — often with anti-war themes during the period of the 1st World War—and exploring ideas—Buddhism, Catholicism, freemasonry and the occult. But in 1916, aware of the looming crisis in Russia, he returned to Crimea, saying “when a mother is sick, the children don’t leave her.” While he sympathized with many of the social objectives of the revolution, he was appalled by the human cost of the civil war which followed it, and was actively involved in providing humanitarian assistance to both sides. Voloshin’s house-museum The house After the establishment of the Soviet Union, Voloshin’s house in Koktebel became a meeting place for writers and artists from all over Russia. Poetess Marina Tsvetayevna regarded him as her mentor and met her future husband while staying at Voloshin’s house. She described Voloshin at that time as having “a lion’s mane of hair around classic Greek features, often barefoot, wearing a loose overall instead of a tunic…” Others who spent time there include the poet Osip Mandelshtam and writers Maxim Gorky and Ilya Ehrenburg. Mikhail Bulgakov, best known as the author of “The Master and Margerita,” was invited to come and stay in the house in Koktebel by Voloshin after his first novel ‘The White Guard’ began to be serialized in the journal “Russia” in 1925. Voloshin was one of the first to recognize his talent and continued to encourage him after his return to Moscow to face a barrage of criticism for his sympathetic portrayal of a group of White Army officers during the civil war, and the book’s lack of a communist hero. The ground floor of the house on the Koktebel seafront is a formal exhibition of watercolors by the artist, along with a collection of memorabilia, including ‘Order no. 44’ of 1920—an instruction to revolutionary soldiers not to touch the house (Lenin is said to have taken a personal interest in ensuring Voloshin’s safety). Upstairs, the library has a pleasantly untidy ‘lived-in’ feel, with a cozy alcove lined with Japanese paintings he had collected. _____________History Edit This Today's name of the city has reached us from the beginning of the centuries Only Feodosia from the Northern Black Sea costal region has preserved its antique name. This antique town was founded on the verge of the 6th century BC by the natives of the region of Asia Minor Milet. Soon a new city state with convenient harbor situated on the fertile land had changed into an important center of the Mediterranean trade. The city received the name Feodosia ('given by God') in the first half of the 4 th century BC. Since that time it had become the part of the Bospor Kingdom. The further history of antique Feodosia was connected with Greek barbaric Bospor Power. Feodosia was one of the main centers of grain trade of Bospor. According to a legend an apprentice of Jesus Christ Andrei Pervosvanny had visited the city. The last record of antique Feodosia refers to the middle of the 1st century A.D. We have the evidence of contemporaries that in 5-6 centuries the city was called Ardabda'The city of seven Gods'. And further narration of the history of the city refers to the 13th century when Genoa founded its trading station in the place of antique Feodosia. And the new city was renamed Kaffa by the name of its area. Foreign property of Genoa connected Western Europe, ancient Russian lands and Eastern countries. In the 14* century Kaffa became the capital of Black Sea costal property of Genoa, the biggest city of Northern Black Sea costal region, in which a few tens of thousands of people had lived. Since 1318 Kaffa had become the center of catholic eparchy, and at the beginning of the 14' century Armenian-Gregorian bishop was positioned there. In 1475 the former Genoese property in Crimea passed to the power of the Osman Empire. Kaffa (Kefe, 'Kuchuk-Stambul', 'Yarym-Stambul', 'Crimea-Stambul', Kefa), the biggest Crimean city and important economical and cultural center of the region became the capital of Osman property on the peninsular. At the beginning of the 17th century the city became one of the main centers of Gothic Orthodox eparchy. In 1771 during the years of Russian-Turkish war Kaffa was conquered by Russian farces. In the 70-80 years of the 18th century the residence of the last Crimean khan Shagin-Girey was situated there. In 1783 the city became the part of the Russian Empire. In 1784 an ancient Greek name 'Feodosia' was turned to the city. At the beginning of the 19th century the city experienced a short period of impetuous evolution in the area of Feodosian authorities. But on the whole, this century was not very successful for Feodosia. A true prosperity was achieved only after building a railway station in 1892 and a sea port in middle of 1890. By 20lh century Feodosia had become one of the prominent sea ports of Russian Empire and significant trade and economic centers of Northern Black Sea costal region.In the 19th century the city turned into one of the cultural centers, in 1811 a Feodosian museum of antiquity was opened. Now it is the oldest museum in the area of modern Ukrain. In 1880 an Art Gallery of a world famous marine painter I.K.Aivazovsky started to welcome first visitors. In the second half of the 19th century Feodosia had become not only educational center with a lot of educational institutions, but also a sea health resort of moderate cost. But as a genuine health resort it fully developed only in the 20lh century. Feodosia keeps antique remains under the modern city, and somewhere in the city there are still medieval towers and ancient temples, a lot of monuments and memorable places. In the Soviet period Feodosia was the part of Crimean Autonomous Republic and Crimean region of RSFR and USSR. In the second half of the 20th century Feodosia became an important scientific center. Today's Feodosia is the part of Crimean Autonomous Republic, the greatest administrative, economic, scientific, cultural and historical center of South-Eastern Crimea, important Black Sea harbor of Ukraine and transport junction and health resort. The names of many prominent people are connected with Feodosia. This is the city-museum connecting different epochs, proud of National Art Gallery of the greatest marine painter Aivazovsky and unique literary museum of romantic writer Alexander Green and Feodosian regional museum, one of the ancient museums of Europe. Eternally young, Feodosia is one of the ancient cities of Europe, the history of which numbers 25 centuries. ________Getting There Edit This You can reach Feodosia by road from Simferopol (115 km) or by a train. There are few trains go to Feodosia from Kiev and Moscow during Summer time, but most it is not a train but several cars added to a train. So, most popular way is a road. You can take a bus from the airport, railway station or the maim bus station of Simferopol. The ticket cost $3-4 and it will take you for about 3 hours to get Feodosia. A taxi-driver could charge $50-75 per car depends on the season. A microbus is also available and cost about $7 per each person. If you go to Feodosia by a car and have some time, would be nice to stop in Stary Krim (Old Crimea) town and take a look at Armenian Monastiery Surb-Hach. If you get hungry during your trip, the best place to have a snack is a small village Radostnoe. You will certainly see several parked cars and a cafe on the left side of the road. It runs by Tatar people and food is good there. __________Museums Edit This Here are a few museums you can visit. [Add Museum] The Aivasovsky gallery Edit This Aivasovsky was born in 1817 in Feodosia - originally the Greek settlement of Theodosia - at the eastern end of the Crimean coast. His father was an Armenian merchant and his mother a skilled embroiderer, but at the time young Ivan was born the port was still recovering from the economic downturn caused by the plague in 1812, and the family were not at all well off. The young boy grew up in a town which was a colourful mix of Greeks, Russians, Armenians, Turks and Tatars, all trying to scratch a living and he probably had to work to help the family out from an early age. He more.. World66 rating: [rate it] __________Day Trips Edit This photo Karadag Dolphinarium Karadag Dolphinarium was established in 1966 as an experimental base for scientific works with sea mammals. At the present time fundamental investigations are being continued in the field of bioacoustics of dolphins and seals, their behavior and psychology are being studied here. Two halls of Dolphinarium give possibility to the visitors to familiarize themselves with its inhabitants - the Black Sea dolphins aphalines and northern far-seals, these remarkable inhabitants of the "Ocean Planet". You have an opportunity to appreciate at true value high qualities of these unusual and wonderful creatures, having enjoyed the splendor of their performance in the demonstrative program, full of music and fun, to feel their fascination and friendliness, to get pleasure from communication with them. __________Beaches Edit This i koktebel.net Naturist beach A substantial part of patrons at the naturist beach are coming to Koktebel for years, so many of them know well each other. The Bohemian spirit originating from as far ago as M. Voloshin’s time is still partially preserved. The “Day of Town” is celebrated at Koktebel at mid August each year, with a military brass music, shows, costumed processions, fireworks at night, etc. The naturist beach is also taking part in this performance—to the extent of its abilities and accounting for its particular habits, for instance, with body art performances (annual Neptune and Venus Nativity feasts), etc. The naturist beach at Koktebel occupies an approximately 700 m-long stripe of coastal line to the East of the town immediately adjoining the official equipped beaches. Then the naturist beach is interrupted by a “textile” beach of a motorist camping site and a holiday resort (about 500 m long), after which a less densely occupied naturist area continues under the cliffs stretching toward the Tikhaya Bukhta (Quiet Bay); some of those coming with tents prefer settling here. There is a few of other places where naturists are dwelling in tents, for instance, the Lisya Bukhta (Fox Bay) at the other side of the Karadag mountain. A walking distance to the naturist beach from the Koktebel center (bus station, market, post office) is about 25 minutes, and that from the center of the coastal promenade (a passenger boat pier), about 15 minutes. Adjoining the beach from its either end are two motorist camping sites, which provides an opportunity for those coming to the sea with their cars or caravans to stay right by the naturist beach. Running water at the campgrounds serves the source of drinking water for those dwelling in tents at the beach. The coastal stripe at the naturist beach is covered with medium-sized pebble, such that one can walk barefoot over it, but there is sand at the sea bottom when one comes into the water breast-deep. The beach stripe width is about 15 meters. A lot of brightly colored pebble stones occurs at the beach: agate, jasper, etc.,—Koktebel is well renowned for that. There are no rocks of a size exceeding a small cobble both at the shore and underwater. The water is usually clean. The beach is fairly well ventilated on hot days with a breeze blowing from the land. Outdoor games, unfortunately, do not belong to the beach usual habits: the beach stripe seems to be a bit too narrow, one would not easily move over the pebbles. On the other hand, the locals offer aqua biking and riding on inflatable balloons drawn by speed boats right at the naturist beach all the day round. Hawkers trading in pies, sweets, smoked fish, beer, etc., are permanently passing along the beach. A walking distance from the naturist beach to food kiosks placed at the official beaches is about 5 minutes, and a distance to nearest cafeterias is 10 minutes. _________Festivals Edit This photo The 4 th Koktebel Jazz Festival is to take place on September 14—17 , 2006 http://www.jazz.koktebel.info/en _________Things to do Edit This photo Go to Koktebel Kocktebel Resort is considered to be the pearl of Crimea. Million years created nature the look of mountain ranges, which surround the village from all sides. The majestic massif Karadag (black mountain), raising above the sea, is a beautiful corner of Crimea with fabulous rocks, pris-tine nature not disturbed by civilization, with "Golden Gates", the symbol of South-Eastern Crimea and unique bays. From the other side of Kocktebel bay the Silent Bight ("Tikhaya Bukhta") and fantastic cape Hameleon are situated. In ancient ground of Kocktebel the fragments of amphoras, bronze arrow-heads and Greek coins are still being found. Klementyev Mountain (Uzun-Sirt)- is the cradle of native glid-ing, the place of holding annual festivals of aeronautics and cele-brating holidays. Here the famous founders of our aviation and cosmonautics, such as llyushin, Antonov, Korolev and others started their creative activity. That's why the only museum of glid-ing in the country was established here in Kocktebel. Here there is also Voloshin home-museum. Their walls keep in their memory glorious names of M.Tsvetaeva, M.Bulgakov, V. Veresaev and other famous people. Resort infrastructure is highly developed in Kocktebel. You have possibility to fly in the sky by motor-hang-glider, delta-plane, to take a ride on water skis or comfortable yacht at a reasonable price or to enjoy the splendor of costal flora and fauna and to dive with the help of highly qualified trainers. Those, who have ever visited Kocktebel, will obligatory come back here again to feel as a part of these incomparable mountains and magnificent sea. Kocktebel is a climatic seaside resort recommended for treat-ment and protection of diseases of nervous system and respira-tory apparatus. Bathing season lasts from the middle of May till the end of September. [Add Activity] Visit Poltava Forum Edit This You may visit local Poltava Forum - http://www.poltavaforum.com/poltava-forum-137/. type: Other World66 rating: [rate it] accessibility: 24/7 url: www.poltavaforum.com address: Poltava email: fragov@gmail.com |