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Adolescenza
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Discoteche/ |
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| Europa |
| World Emotions |
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French Emotions ( Baci Baiser alla Francese) |
German Emotions (Bacio Kuss alla Tedesca) |
English Emotions |
Spanish Emotions ( Un Beso in Spagna) |
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Italian Emotions (Baci Italiani ) |
| Svizzera |
| Nyon | St Moritz | Zurigo | Ginevra |
| Interlaken | Losanna | Davos | Grindelwald |
| Montreux | Basilea | Berna | Chiasso |
| Lugano | Adelboden | Neuchatel | Luzern |
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| Bern Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i'land internetcafe i'land internetcafe Olivier Chuard Switzerland has a beautiful capital city. Bern is a small city with many sights, most of them dating back to the 15-th century. Bern is also known for its Bear Pits where you can see real bears - theres a myth saying the city’s name derives from the German word for bear. Sights include the 12th-century Clock Tower, the botanical gardens, the Kunstmuseum (Paul Klee), the Albert Einstein House and the arcades in the center where you can shop till you drop under the vaulted arcades. UNESCO Worldheritage With its time-honoured sandstone buildings, historic towers and unique fountains Bern is one of the finest examples of mediaeval civic architecture in Europe. The city’s appearance has remained virtually unchanged for centuries, earning Bern a place on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. Thanks to this honour the city with its popular Bear Pits (the bear is Bern’s heraldic symbol) is on a par with Rome, the Egyptian pyramids and the Taj Mahal. Bern is also the seat of the Swiss government. Covered promenade Thanks to 6 kilometers of arcades, Bern boasts one of the longest covered shopping promenades in Europe. Under the arcades and on squares and side streets are dozens of restaurants and cafés where you can rest and refresh yourself. And on Tuesday and Saturday mornings this is where you’ll find colorful markets for fresh vegetables, flowers and meat. Green space galore The River Aare is Bern’s green artery: ideal for summer dips. The river snakes round the Old Town and offers plenty of room for recreation. Just a few minutes’ walk from the rail station you can stroll along the river bank under leafy trees, surrounded by Nature. Lively diversity Bern is not only a World Heritage Site but also embraces modern movements of architecture and design. The Museum of Fine Art houses the world’s largest collection of Paul Klee works. Einstein developed his special theory of relativity here in Bern, and Tobler created his world-famous Toblerone chocolate. Concert hall and municipal theatre are only a few steps apart. Besides this, a lively arts scene, modern dance performances and jazz concerts add up to a rich, world-class cultural life. At the heart of Europe Bern is easy and fast to reach. The city is near to major European centres as well as the Alps. So it’s an ideal point of departure for unforgettable excursions to Zermatt, Lucerne, the Jungfraujoch, Lake Geneva and lots more. ______History Edit This The city of Berne was founded in 1191 by Berchtold V, Duke of Zähringen, and became the eigth member of the Swiss Federation in 1353. Between the 14th and 16th centuries it reached the zenith of its power by enlarging its territory and gaining great political influence. 1798 saw the invasion of French troops and the collapse of the Ancien Régime of Berne. In 1803 the city became the capital of the Canton of Berne, in 1848 federal Capital of Switzerland. As the capital of Switzerland, Berne is the seat of the diplomatic corps and international organizations including the Universal Postal Union (a specialized agency of the United Nations). The region of Berne was settled as early as prehistoric times, and later by Celts, Romans and Germanic tribes. In 1191 Duke Berchtold V of Zähringen founded the City of Berne. The Zähringers came from a Swabian family of noble descent, rulers of the dukedom of Breisgau (now the German region north of the Rhine bordering Switzerland). The German Emperor appointed them Chancellors of Burgundy (roughly present-day Burgundy in France as well as the territory west of the River Aare in today's French-speaking Switzerland). As chancellors, they were entrusted with representing the Emperor and protecting his interests against rebellious nobles, as well as ensuring safe access to the strategically important alpine passes in the Burgundy region, which were vital to the Emperor's rule over north and south, running as they did from present-day Germany to present-day Italy. Berne was constructed on the Aare peninsula, with natural protection on three sides, walls and a watch-tower on the fourth side (now the Clock Tower), and city moats. Berchtold V built the city according to a clearly defined plan, starting with the lowest edge (Nydegg) and proceeding in a westerly direction. Characteristic features common to all Zähringer cities: broad street for market (no central square); advanced infrastructure with utility water source (Stadtbach), sewage (Ehgräben) and drinking water supply (Quellfassung); right-angle street grid; lots divided into tracts of equal dimensions (so-called homesteads measuring 100x60 feet); imperial citadel (Nydegg Fortress, now the site of the Nydegg Church) separated from the main city: public buildings (Cathedral and Town Hall) set aside from the main city axis (which was reserved for commercial purposes). In 1218, the last of the Zähringer line died and Berne came under direct imperial rule. This immediacy was a major advantage. The city was granted various important privileges (self-administration, own court of justice, own market), as a result of which its power and influence gradually grew and the city evolved into the mightiest city-state north of the Alps (until 1798). Further expansion of the city to the west (Prison Tower, Christoffel Tower). Berne, one of the finest examples of mediaeval civic architecture in Europe, is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ________Getting Around Edit This Like all cities in Switzerland, Bern is easy to get around. The best way to explore the city is on foot. The old part of the city ist relatively small and there is no better way to get the feel of it. If you are not up to walking or the weather is not good, then there is an excellent network of buses and trams that criss-cross the city. Bern is an ideal base from which to explore the Bernese Oberland. The best way to do this is by train. ______Getting There Edit This Air Connections Berne-Belp (9 km/6 miles) airport offers international connections (including Amsterdam, Brussels, Florence, Frankfurt, London, Munich, Vienna and Paris). Bus connections to the centre. There is a convenient, hourly train service ("Fly Rail") to Berne from Zurich and Geneva intercontinental airports (90 and 110 minutes respectively). These connections are included in the flight ticket (common rated). Also within easy reach is Basel airport. These 4 airports enable every visitor easy and fast access to Berne; an advantage not to be underestimated. Rail Connections From Berne the traveller has direct connections with the international rail network (Italy, France, Germany, Benelux, Scandinavia, Spain, the "Chunnel"), including TGV (Paris), ICE (Frankfurt, Berlin), Pendolino-Cisalpino (Milano), Talgo (Barcelona), Euronight (Rome, Florence), Tenda (Ventimiglia, Turin), EC Albert Einstein (Prague, Munich), EC Vauban (Brussels - Berne - Milan), EC Monteverdi (Venice), EC Berner Oberland (Amsterdam), EC Matterhorn (Mannheim). Berne is the only capital with 3 different high-speed trains; TGV, ICE and Pendolino-Cisalpino. Road Connections Berne, being an important motorway intersection point, has direct connections with the European E4 network. Connection routes southwards include the car trains through the Loetschberg and the Great St. Bernhard and Gotthard road tunnels. The Swiss Travel System offers visitors from abroad convenient public transport connections to all destinations in Switzerland, whether for transfers from and to airports and border stations, or for individual trips to discover Switzerland (e.g. travel before or after congresses). ______Bern Travel Guide Edit This The best resource for sights, hotels, restaurants, bars, what to do and see i'land internetcafe i'land internetcafe Olivier Chuard Switzerland has a beautiful capital city. Bern is a small city with many sights, most of them dating back to the 15-th century. Bern is also known for its Bear Pits where you can see real bears - theres a myth saying the city’s name derives from the German word for bear. Sights include the 12th-century Clock Tower, the botanical gardens, the Kunstmuseum (Paul Klee), the Albert Einstein House and the arcades in the center where you can shop till you drop under the vaulted arcades. UNESCO Worldheritage With its time-honoured sandstone buildings, historic towers and unique fountains Bern is one of the finest examples of mediaeval civic architecture in Europe. The city’s appearance has remained virtually unchanged for centuries, earning Bern a place on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. Thanks to this honour the city with its popular Bear Pits (the bear is Bern’s heraldic symbol) is on a par with Rome, the Egyptian pyramids and the Taj Mahal. Bern is also the seat of the Swiss government. Covered promenade Thanks to 6 kilometers of arcades, Bern boasts one of the longest covered shopping promenades in Europe. Under the arcades and on squares and side streets are dozens of restaurants and cafés where you can rest and refresh yourself. And on Tuesday and Saturday mornings this is where you’ll find colorful markets for fresh vegetables, flowers and meat. Green space galore The River Aare is Bern’s green artery: ideal for summer dips. The river snakes round the Old Town and offers plenty of room for recreation. Just a few minutes’ walk from the rail station you can stroll along the river bank under leafy trees, surrounded by Nature. Lively diversity Bern is not only a World Heritage Site but also embraces modern movements of architecture and design. The Museum of Fine Art houses the world’s largest collection of Paul Klee works. Einstein developed his special theory of relativity here in Bern, and Tobler created his world-famous Toblerone chocolate. Concert hall and municipal theatre are only a few steps apart. Besides this, a lively arts scene, modern dance performances and jazz concerts add up to a rich, world-class cultural life. At the heart of Europe Bern is easy and fast to reach. The city is near to major European centres as well as the Alps. So it’s an ideal point of departure for unforgettable excursions to Zermatt, Lucerne, the Jungfraujoch, Lake Geneva and lots more. ______History Edit This The city of Berne was founded in 1191 by Berchtold V, Duke of Zähringen, and became the eigth member of the Swiss Federation in 1353. Between the 14th and 16th centuries it reached the zenith of its power by enlarging its territory and gaining great political influence. 1798 saw the invasion of French troops and the collapse of the Ancien Régime of Berne. In 1803 the city became the capital of the Canton of Berne, in 1848 federal Capital of Switzerland. As the capital of Switzerland, Berne is the seat of the diplomatic corps and international organizations including the Universal Postal Union (a specialized agency of the United Nations). The region of Berne was settled as early as prehistoric times, and later by Celts, Romans and Germanic tribes. In 1191 Duke Berchtold V of Zähringen founded the City of Berne. The Zähringers came from a Swabian family of noble descent, rulers of the dukedom of Breisgau (now the German region north of the Rhine bordering Switzerland). The German Emperor appointed them Chancellors of Burgundy (roughly present-day Burgundy in France as well as the territory west of the River Aare in today's French-speaking Switzerland). As chancellors, they were entrusted with representing the Emperor and protecting his interests against rebellious nobles, as well as ensuring safe access to the strategically important alpine passes in the Burgundy region, which were vital to the Emperor's rule over north and south, running as they did from present-day Germany to present-day Italy. Berne was constructed on the Aare peninsula, with natural protection on three sides, walls and a watch-tower on the fourth side (now the Clock Tower), and city moats. Berchtold V built the city according to a clearly defined plan, starting with the lowest edge (Nydegg) and proceeding in a westerly direction. Characteristic features common to all Zähringer cities: broad street for market (no central square); advanced infrastructure with utility water source (Stadtbach), sewage (Ehgräben) and drinking water supply (Quellfassung); right-angle street grid; lots divided into tracts of equal dimensions (so-called homesteads measuring 100x60 feet); imperial citadel (Nydegg Fortress, now the site of the Nydegg Church) separated from the main city: public buildings (Cathedral and Town Hall) set aside from the main city axis (which was reserved for commercial purposes). In 1218, the last of the Zähringer line died and Berne came under direct imperial rule. This immediacy was a major advantage. The city was granted various important privileges (self-administration, own court of justice, own market), as a result of which its power and influence gradually grew and the city evolved into the mightiest city-state north of the Alps (until 1798). Further expansion of the city to the west (Prison Tower, Christoffel Tower). Berne, one of the finest examples of mediaeval civic architecture in Europe, is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. ________Getting Around Edit This Like all cities in Switzerland, Bern is easy to get around. The best way to explore the city is on foot. The old part of the city ist relatively small and there is no better way to get the feel of it. If you are not up to walking or the weather is not good, then there is an excellent network of buses and trams that criss-cross the city. Bern is an ideal base from which to explore the Bernese Oberland. The best way to do this is by train. ______Getting There Edit This Air Connections Berne-Belp (9 km/6 miles) airport offers international connections (including Amsterdam, Brussels, Florence, Frankfurt, London, Munich, Vienna and Paris). Bus connections to the centre. There is a convenient, hourly train service ("Fly Rail") to Berne from Zurich and Geneva intercontinental airports (90 and 110 minutes respectively). These connections are included in the flight ticket (common rated). Also within easy reach is Basel airport. These 4 airports enable every visitor easy and fast access to Berne; an advantage not to be underestimated. Rail Connections From Berne the traveller has direct connections with the international rail network (Italy, France, Germany, Benelux, Scandinavia, Spain, the "Chunnel"), including TGV (Paris), ICE (Frankfurt, Berlin), Pendolino-Cisalpino (Milano), Talgo (Barcelona), Euronight (Rome, Florence), Tenda (Ventimiglia, Turin), EC Albert Einstein (Prague, Munich), EC Vauban (Brussels - Berne - Milan), EC Monteverdi (Venice), EC Berner Oberland (Amsterdam), EC Matterhorn (Mannheim). Berne is the only capital with 3 different high-speed trains; TGV, ICE and Pendolino-Cisalpino. Road Connections Berne, being an important motorway intersection point, has direct connections with the European E4 network. Connection routes southwards include the car trains through the Loetschberg and the Great St. Bernhard and Gotthard road tunnels. The Swiss Travel System offers visitors from abroad convenient public transport connections to all destinations in Switzerland, whether for transfers from and to airports and border stations, or for individual trips to discover Switzerland (e.g. travel before or after congresses). |
| Questo articolo è rilasciato sotto i termini della
GNU Free Documentation License Esso utilizza materiale tratto da http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berna Cronologia/Autori: http://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berna&action=history BernaDa Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
Conta 127.519 (2003) abitanti ed è la quinta città più popolosa della svizzera dopo: Zurigo, Basilea, Ginevra e Losanna. La città di Berna è anche il capoluogo del Canton Berna, il secondo per popolazione tra i 26 Cantoni svizzeri.
[modifica] Storia
Veduta aerea di Berna Il duca Berthold V di Zähringen fondò la città sul fiume Aar (Aare) nel 1191, e battezzo la città pare in onore di un orso che egli aveva ucciso (Berna ha ospitato gli orsi per secoli, è possibile vederli a tutt'oggi nel pozzo degli orsi vicino al Nydeggbrücke). Nel 1353 Berna si unì alla giovane Confederazione Elvetica.
[modifica] La cittàAttorniata dallo scuro fiume Aar e sovrastata da uno straordinario panorama alpino. La romantica capitale svizzera è una grande attrattiva turistica grazie ai sei chilometri di porticati, alle fontane figurative rinascimentali, alle splendide cattedrali, alle facciate di pietra arenaria attentamente preservate dall'usura del tempo e ad un paesaggio di tetti spioventi unico nel suo genere. Il trasporto cittadino è gestito principalmente da tram e autobus (di colore rosso). La stazione ferroviaria ha un particolare accesso sotterraneo, con numerosi negozi all'interno della galleria interrata. La vita notturna è animata da locali di vario genere, spesso nati all'interno di palazzi ottocenteschi o medioevali. Berna è servita specialmente per voli charter da un aeroporto (Bern Airport), che si trova a Belp, e da una stazione ferroviaria con traffico internazionale.
[modifica] Personaggi illustriTra i bernesi celebri si ricordano lo scienziato Albrecht von Haller, il poeta Albert Bitzius, i pittori Ferdinand Hodler e Paul Klee e i componenti della band pop/folk Peter, Sue & Marc . Il fisico tedesco Albert Einstein elaborò la Teoria della Relatività mentre lavorava come impiegato all'ufficio brevetti di Berna alloggiando al n.49 della Kramgasse.
[modifica] EconomiaLa regione di Berna è il principale centro economico del cantone di Berna. Berna, la capitale della Svizzera, è conosciuta anche oltre i confini nazionali come una città sicura dalla bellezza unica. La regione di Berna ospita imprese di successo, spesso con una sede centrale europea, come Swisscom, T-Systems, Haag & Streit, ZLB Bioplasma, Berna Biotech, ebay, Frito-Lay, Peugeot (Suisse), Schneider Elektrik ecc.; dispone inoltre della più alta densità di aziende di consulenza economica, uffici legali e fiduciarie di tutta la Svizzera.
[modifica] CulturaA Berna hanno sede diversi istituti di formazione come l’Università di Berna e la clinica universitaria Inselspital. La Scuola universitaria professionale di Berna, il World Trade Institute, la scuola internazionale e la scuola francese concorrono ad accrescere il fascino della regione.
[modifica] Monumenti
Berna rappresenta una delle più importanti testimonianze di architettura medievale in Europa. Il nucleo medievale della città, dichiarato patrimonio dell'umanità dall'UNESCO, venne fondato nel 1191 da Berchtold V, duca di Zähringen, sulla piccola penisola formata dal fiume Aare. Il più famoso monumento di Berna è lo Zytglogge, la medievale torre dell'orologio, con i suoi pupazzi animati. Altri siti degni di nota sono la Bundeshaus (la sede del parlamento e dell'amministrazione federale) e il Münster (la Cattedrale). Nel giugno 2005 un museo speciale è stato dedicato al più famoso artista di Berna: il Centro Paul Klee ( Zentrum Paul Klee ), di Renzo Piano.
[modifica] Attrazioni turistiche
[modifica] Musei
[modifica] Altri progetti
[modifica] Collegamenti esterni
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